OEM / TECHNICAL PRODUCTS
Reference Guide
Application Notes &
Product Data Sheet
I: Introduction
Lithium has become a generic term representing
a family of battery systems in which Lithium metal
is used as the active anode material or negative
electrode. Variations in the cathode material, or
positive electrode, and the cell electrolyte result
in‑hundreds of possible combinations of Lithium
batteries. Rayovac® Lithium Carbon‑monofluoride
(BR) batteries are a solid‑cathode type which
optimizes reliability, safety, cost and performance.
II: Features
• Outstanding shelf life and excellent performance
over a wide temperature range
• Stable discharge voltage
• High energy density and voltage (3V)
• Enhanced safety by the use of Carbon‑monofluoride
electrode material and a non‑corrosive,
non‑toxic electrolyte
• Excellent leak resistance
• Shelf life of ten years or more
• Pre‑tinned terminals are solderable
• Available with many wave‑solderable
terminal configurations
III: Quality Systems Certification
Lithium Carbon-monofluoride
(BR) Coin Cells and FB
Encapsulated Lithium Coin Cells
IV: Applications
The following devices are examples of good uses
for BR coin cells:
• Computer Memory and Real Time Clock Backup
• Electronic Counters, Process Controllers
• Portable Instruments
• Time/Data Protection
• Industrial Controls
• Electronic Gas, Water and Electric Meters
• Communication Equipment
• RF Tags, Toll Tags, and ID Tags
• Portable Electronic Devices
Application Considerations
Rayovac® BR coin cells and batteries should be
considered for applications that are characterized
by a need for:
• Miniaturization
• Leakage resistance
• Lightweight
• Shock and vibration tolerance
• Low to moderate current drains
• Environments requiring extended operation or
storage at a wide range of temperatures
• The need for flat discharge voltage and consistent
source impedance
• Long shelf life
• An extended service life due to low
self‑discharge rate
• Enhanced safety and reduced product
liability concerns
• U.L. recognized components
V: Construction
VI: Battery Selection
Component Class Batteries and Cells
Today’s circuit designers recognize the capabilities
of BR Lithium coin cells and FB batteries to function
as permanent components in their circuits. FB
batteries exhibit reliability rates similar to diodes
and resistors. The combination of very low power
Complementary Metal‑Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)
memory devices with high energy, long life batteries
now allow for batteries to be used as life‑of‑product
components.
The traditional approach to product design is to
provide sufficient energy to meet a design target for
a stated period, at which time the batteries would
be replaced. The decision to provide component or
expendable power is fundamental to the product
concept of the device being powered. Component
batteries allow the designer to increase the reli‑
ability and functionality of the device by eliminating
the need for consumer replacement of‑batteries.
Component batteries eliminate the problems of
reversed polarity, wrong chemical system, mis‑
matched capacities, and higher operating costs.
However, component batteries require careful
selection. The batteries must assure adequate energy
for the expected load to compen sate for self‑dis‑
charge and the thermal environment expected, and
the batteries must also have a high reliability connec‑
tion to the circuit.
Today’s demand for high performance, small
footprint, reliable, and cost‑effective electronic
products can be realized by identifying the best
match between the battery and its application. To
do so requires a good understanding of the device’s
power requirements and the environment in which
it is used as well as how the battery reacts to those
loads and environments.
It is important that the battery be considered early
in the design process. This will allow the optimization
of battery life through the selection of power con‑
serving circuit components. Moreover, early battery
selection will also minimize circuit and mechanical
layout changes later in the design process.
The following is a list of basic application character‑
istics and conditions that must be considered for an
optimum selection of a lithium Carbon‑monofluoride
power source.
Electrical Characteristics
• Voltage: maximum/minimum
• Current drain
• Pulse currents
• Pulse time/frequency of occurrence
Application Goals
• Duty cycle
• Service life goal
• Shelf life goal
• Reliability
• Safety
• Battery availability
Packaging
• Shape
• Terminals
• Weight
• Contact materials
• Case materials
Environmental
• Operating temperature range
• Storage temperature range
• Humidity
• Shock and vibration
• Atmospheric pressure
2
Gasket
Separator and Electrolyte
CFx Cathode
Current Collector
Lithium Anode
Cell Can
Anode Cap
(+)
(–)
VII: Calculating Battery Life
The design of an electronic circuit powered by a
component class battery requires the designer to
consider two interacting paths that determine a
battery’s life: consumption of active electro chemical
components and thermal wear‑out.
To optimize battery life in powered devices, today’s
designers are first selecting power conserving
circuit components, and then specifying high
reliability component Lithium batteries. Battery
selection is based on an understanding of the
thermal capabilities, effects of the operating envi‑
ronment, and the battery life requirements of the
powered device.
Figure 1, at right, gives an estimate of years of
service at various discharge currents for BR Lithium
coin cells at room temperatures.
Consumption of Active
Battery Components
Batteries produce electrical current by oxidation
and reduction of their active electrochemical com‑
ponents. Once these components are consumed,
the battery ceases to produce current. The sum
of the energy consumed by the circuit over its
expected life plus the‑electrochemistry’s inherent
loss of energy due to‑self‑discharge, represents the
first path in determining battery life.
Thermal Wear-Out
The second path in determining battery life is
thermal wear‑out, which is the loss of capacity
caused by thermal mechanisms. Generally, thermal
wear‑out rates accelerate as temperatures in the
operating environment rise.
It is very important to hold the paths of self
discharge and thermal wear‑out as separate issues.
This is because self‑discharge can sometimes
be compen sated for by increasing the specified
battery capacity, while thermal wear‑out can
only be addressed by selecting a more thermally
capable battery.
Drain vs. Duration
Battery Life and Capacity Estimates
Rayovac has accumulated over 200 million device
hours of accelerated reliability testing with a
major semiconductor manufacturer. This data has
allowed us to gain a better under standing of the
time and temperature dependent wear out of BR
Lithium coin cells and FB batteries during storage.
Please contact Rayovac’s OEM Division for more
information.
3
0.4
1
10
20
0.1 1 10 100
Discharge Time in Years
BR2335
BR1225
BR2032
BR1632
Figure 1
VIII: Performance Characteristics
A. System Self-Discharge Comparison
BR Lithium Carbon‑monofluoride cells offer
substantially lower self‑discharge rates compared
to other battery chemistries. Figure 2 compares the
capacity loss due to self‑discharge over a range of
temperatures for various battery chemistries. BR
Lithium coin cells provide self‑discharge rates of
less than 0.3% per year and Lifex FB™ batteries less
than 0.2% per year.
B. Thermal Wear-Out
At high temperatures, Rayovac’s BR Lithium coin
cells and FB batteries offer significantly lower
failure rates over competing coin cells. Figure 3
shows the relationship between temperature and
the years to 1% failure of 12.5mm diameter cells
of‑similar capacity. A failure is defined as a closed
circuit voltage less than 2.0 volts on a 250KΩ load
of 0.5 second duration.
C. System Internal Resistance Comparison
Rayovac® BR Lithium coin cells provide more stable
internal resistance throughout discharge compared
to lithium manganese dioxide coin cells as shown
in Figure 4. This is due to the formation of conduc‑
tive carbon as a discharge by‑product in the cell
cathode during discharge. This carbon prevents a
change in internal resistance until the active com‑
ponents of the cell are consumed.
System Self-Discharge Rate vs. Temperature
Lithium Coin Cells Temperature/Life
Relationship
Internal Resistance During 30K Discharge
BR2032 Cell vs. CR2032 Cell
Ω
4
Lithium
Manganese
Dioxide
Lithium Thionyl Chloride
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
010 20 30 40 50
Percent of Capacity Loss per Year
Temperature (ϒC)
Rayovac BR Lithium
Carbon-Monofluoride
Alkaline Manganese Dioxide
90
80
70
60
50
40 0510 15
Rayovac FB
Rayovac BR Lithium
Generic Li-CFx (BR)
Li-MnO2
(CR)
Years of Life to 1% Failure
Temperature (ϒC)
Encapsulated
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
200
25 50 75
100 125 175150
Internal Resistance @ 1 KHz (Ohms)
Capacity (mAh)
Lithium Manganese
Dioxide (CR)
Rayovac
BR Lithium
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
D. Internal Operating Resistance
During Discharge
Figure 5 (right) shows how the internal resistance
and voltage changes on a BR1225 cell as a percent
of discharge. Similar profiles with slightly different
values are observed with other cell sizes. The
typical initial 1KHz AC internal resistance for each
cell size is shown in Figure 6.
Typical Initial Internal Resistance at 1 KHz AC
Cell Size Internal Resistance (0hms)
BR1225 85
BR1632 34
BR2032 25
BR2335 21
E. Operating & Storage
Temperature Range
Rayovac® BR Lithium coin cells and FB batteries
provide excellent performance over a wide range of
temperatures. The operating and storage tempera‑
ture ranges are:
F. Safety
Figure 7 below compares the safety of the three
most common Lithium systems. The figure
demonstrates that the Rayovac® BR Lithium battery
components are extremely safe.
Rayovac® BR Lithium batteries have been granted
U.L. Component Recognition (file no. MH12542).
The battery’s components are both chemically and
thermally stable before, during, and after discharge.
The electrolyte is both non‑corrosive and non‑toxic.
Internal Resistance and CCV of BR1225 Cell
During 30K Discharge
Ω
BR Lithium Coin Cells -40° C to +85° C
-40° F to +185° F
FB Batteries -40° C to +100° C
-40° F to +212° F
Safety Comparisons of Lithium Systems
Battery System/
IEC Nomenclature
Class Cathode
Material
Cathode Electrolyte Salt
Material
Electrolyte
Salt
Property
Electrolyte Solvent
Lithium Carbon-
Monofluoride Li/(CF)
x BR
Solid
Cathode
Poly-Carbon
Monofluoride
Solid
Stable
Lithium Tetra
Fluoroborate
LiBF4
Stable Propylene Carbonate & 1,2
Dimethozyethane (PC & DME)
Lithium Manganese
Dioxide Li/Mn02 CR
Solid
Cathode
Manganese
Dioxide
Solid
Stable
Lithium
Perchlorate LiCI04
Explosive PC & DME
Lithium Thionyl Chloride
LiS0CI2
Solid
Cathode
Thionyl
Chloride
Liquid
Toxic
Corrosive
Lithium Tetra
Chloroaluminate
LiAICI4
Corrosive Thionyl Chloride (S0CI2)
5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 10025 50 75
Voltage (V)
Internal Resistance @ 1 KHz (Ohms)
% Depth of Discharge
Internal Resistance
Closed Circuit Voltage
75
RECOGNIZED UNDER THE COMPONENT�
PROGRAM OF UNDERWRITERS LABOR-�
ATORIES® INC.�
Figure 7
Figure 6
Figure 5
G. Charging Characteristics
Although any charging of BR Lithium cells is to
be avoided, some charging may occur even in
a well designed electrical circuit due to leakage
current of the protecting diodes. The diode used
in a circuit design with a BR Lithium cell should
minimize leakage to within 3% of the rated capacity
of the cell over the lifetime of the cell’s use. Figure
8 below provides the maximum total charge
allowance for all cell sizes. Figure 9, which illus‑
trates these limits as they apply to the BR1225 cell
size at various drain rates, follows.
Maximum Total Charge Allowance
Cell Size Rated Capacity 3% of Capacity
BR1225 50 mAh 1.50 mAh
BR1632 130 mAh 3.90 mAh
BR2032 195 mAh 5.85 mAh
BR2335 300 mAh 9.00 mAh
H. High Altitude Exposure
It is possible for components to be exposed
to‑reduced pressures during shipment by air.
Rayovac® BR Lithium batteries that were tested at
reduced pressures of 3 mm mercury for 10 days
and then discharged at normal rates exhibited the
following‑results:
1. No change in cell appearance.
2. No observed leakage.
3. No change in resulting capacity.
I. Leakage Resistance
The electrolyte in BR Lithium batteries is based on
an organic solvent instead of a corrosive alkaline
or acidic solution found in most conventional
batteries. This greatly improves the cell’s leakage
resistance and guards against the negative effects
caused by leakage.
J. Orientation
Since Rayovac® batteries use solid active com‑
ponents, the performance characteristics described
are obtained regardless of the installation position.
Formula to calculate charge current:
Imax(nA) = 114.15 x c
t
Where: Imax = Maximum allowable charge current in
nanoAmperes (nA)
c = Maximum total charge capacity in
mAh from table above
t = Time on charge in years
Maximum Total Charge Allowance
6
.0001 .001 .01 .1 1 10
.1
1
10
100
BR1225
Less than 3%
of Capacity
More than 3%
of Capacity
Time on Charge (Years)
Figure 8
Figure 9
IX: Product Specifications
BR Lithium Coin Cell
A. Specification Table
Rayovac® BR Lithium coin cells are available
in a wide variety of tab and pin mounting
configurations. See Product Availability Table (page
14) for a list of the most popular items.
Part
Number
Rated Nominal
Capacity (mAh)
Nominal Pulse
Capability (mA*)
Dimensions NEDA
Number
IEC
Number
Diameter
(mm)
Height
(mm)
Weight
(g)
Volume
(cc)
BR1225 50 512.5 2.5 0.8 0.30 5020LB BR1225
BR1632 130 10 16.0 3.2 1.6 0.63 Not Assigned BR1632
BR2032 195 10 20.0 3.2 2.4 1.00 5004LB BR2032
BR2335 300 10 23.0 3.5 3.4 1.45 Not Assigned BR2335
* Consult Rayovac® OEM Engineering Division for assistance in determining pulse capability for your application. 7
Figure 10
B. Typical Discharge Curves
BR1225
BR1632
8
Figure 11
Figure 14
Figure 12
Figure 15
Figure 13
Figure 16
BR2032
BR2335
9
Figure 17
Figure 20
Figure 18
Figure 21
Figure 19
Figure 22
C. Dimensional Drawing
10
.098"
(+)
(–)
.492"
.193"
(+) (–)
.310"
.120"
.492"
.400"
Tab Detail:
Figure 41
(+) (–)
.492"
.747"
.366"
.114"
.120"
Tab Detail:
Figure 42 .094"
.492"
.400"
.270"
.120"
(+) (–)
.387"
Tab Detail:
Figure 41
(+)(–)
.110"
.492"
.400"
Tab Detail:
Figure 43
.150"
.270"
.020"
.220"
.125"
.492"
.130"
.150"
(+)
(–)
.712"
.115"
.065"
Tab Detail:
Figure 41
BR1225X-BA
BR1225T2-B BR1225T3H-BBR1225T2V-BA
BR1225T2R-B BR1225SR2-B
Please Note: Current Rayovac® BR Lithium products are
not compatible with Surface Mount Technology (SMT)
soldering processes due to the extreme temperatures
required for reflow. Batteries should be added as a
secondary operation.
For illustration only. Contact Rayovac for complete specifications.
Figure 23
Figure 26
Figure 24
Figure 27
Figure 25
Figure 28
11
0.020 0.51
0.065 1.65
0.094 2.39
0.098 2.49
0.102 2.59
0.110 2.79
0.114 2.90
0.115 2.92
0.120 3.05
0.125 3.18
0.126 3.20
0.130 3.30
0.138 3.51
0.150 3.81
0.153 3.89
0.154 3.91
0.180 4.57
0.193 4.90
0.200 5.08
0.216 5.49
0.220 5.59
0.231 5.91
0.242 6.14
0.244 6.20
0.266 6.76
0.270 6.86
0.288 7.32
0.300 7.62
0.310 7.87
0.357 9.07
0.359 9.12
0.366 9.30
0.387 9.90
0.400 10.16
0.415 10.54
0.417 10.59
0.492 12.50
0.550 13.97
0.600 15.24
0.625 15.88
Inches Millimeters Inches Millimeters Inches Millimeters
Conversion Chart
0.626 15.90
0.630 16.12
0.684 17.37
0.700 17.78
0.712 18.08
0.747 18.97
0.770 19.56
0.787 19.99
0.800 20.32
0.817 20.75
0.898 22.81
0.928 23.57
0.984 24.99
1.018 25.90
1.130 28.70
1.250 31.80
1.270 32.30
2.040 51.82
.244"
.120"
(+) (–)
.600"
.387"
.630"
Tab Detail:
Figure 41
.136+.010
–
.080+.010
–
.365+.010
–
.758
.684
.402
.758
.238
.329
.627
.329
.238
BR1632-BA BR1632R81-BA
BR1632T2-BA
Please Note: Current Rayovac® BR Lithium products are
not compatible with Surface Mount Technology (SMT)
soldering processes due to the extreme temperatures
required for reflow. Batteries should be added as a
secondary operation.
For illustration only. Contact Rayovac for complete specifications.
Figure 29 Figure 30 Figure 31
12
.242"
.120"
(+) (–)
.600"
.359"
.787"
Tab Detail:
Figure 41
.242"
.120"
(+) (–)
.800"
.359"
.787"
Tab Detail:
Figure 41
.216"
.120"
(+) (–) (+)
.550"
.400"
.357"
.700" .817"
.787"
Tab Detail:
Figure 44
(+)
(–)
.138
.898
.102"
(–)
1.250"
.625"
.180"
.153"
.898"
(+)
Tab Detail:
Figure 42
.154"
.231"
.120"
.898"
.387"
.800"
Tab Detail:
Figure 50
(–)(+)
.550"
.387"
.244"
.120"
.400"
.700"
.898"
Tab Detail:
Figure 44
(+) (+)(–)
BR2032-BA
BR2032T3L-BA BR2335SM-BA
BR2335T2-BA BR2335T3L-BA
BR2335-BA
BR2032T2-BA BR2032T2K-BA
For illustration only. Contact Rayovac for complete specifications.
Please Note: Current Rayovac® BR Lithium products are
not compatible with Surface Mount Technology (SMT)
soldering processes due to the extreme temperatures
required for reflow. Batteries should be added as a
secondary operation.
Figure 33
Figure 36
Figure 39
Figure 34
Figure 37
Figure 40
Figure 35
Figure 38
Tab and Pin Detail
13
.030
.013
.019
.022
.019
.102
PRETINNED
AREA
.027"
DIA
.032 ± .001 NO TAPER
.170 ± .025
TINNED AREA
.005 REF
.150
45˚
90°
POSITIVE TAB
.242"
.100"
.150"
.378"
.039"
.030"
POSITIVE TAB
.55 ± .02
TAB WIDTH
.400
.032 .000
.003
+
–
.039
.039
.000
.003
+
–
R
45˚
Through Hole Tab Detail
Tab Style A
SM and SR Tab Detail
Tab Style B
T3H Tab Detail
Tab Style E
Pin Detail
T3L Positive Tab Detail
Tab Style F
For illustration only. Contact Rayovac for complete specifications.
Please Note: Current Rayovac® BR Lithium products are
not compatible with Surface Mount Technology (SMT)
soldering processes due to the extreme temperatures
required for reflow. Batteries should be added as a
secondary operation.
Figure 45
Figure 41
Figure 43
Figure 42
Figure 44
X: Product Availability & Cross Reference Table
Stock Number Description Interchangeable
Numbers
Figure
Numbers
Tab Style Case
Quantity
BR1225X-BA 3.0 volt, 50 mAh coin cell BR1225 23 N/A 1,680
BR1225T2R-B BR1225 with 2 tabs – 24 A1,000
BR1225SR2-B BR1225 Surface Mount Style – 25 B1,540
BR1225T2-B BR1225 with 2 tabs BR1225-1HB 26 A800
BR1225SM-B BR1225 Surface Mount Style - - B 1,540
BR1225T2V-BA BR1225 with 2 tabs - Vertical Mount BR1225-1VB 27 A1,690
BR1225T3H-B BR1225 with 2 tabs, 3 stands - Horizontal Mount – 28 E1,000
BR1632-BA 3.0 volt, 130 mAh coin cell – 29 N/A 740
BR1632T2-BA BR1632 with 2 tabs – 30 A450
BR1632R81-BA BR1632 Surface Mount Style – 31 A1,000
BR2032-BA 3.0 volt, 195 mAh coin cell BR2032 33 N/A 680
BR2032T2-BA BR2032 with 2 tabs BR2032-1HE1 34 A500
BR2032T2K-BA BR2032 with 2 tabs BR2032-1HSE* 35 A539
B R 2 0 3 2 T 3 L- B A BR2032 with 2 tabs, 3 stands BR2032-1GS** 36 F500
BR2335-BA 3.0 volt, 300 mAh coin cell BR2330** 37 N/A 560
BR2335SM-BA BR2335 Surface Mount Style – 38 B450
BR2335T2-BA BR2335 with 2 tabs BR2330-1HE** 39 A500
B R 2 3 3 5 T 3 L- B A BR2335 with 2 tabs, 3 stands BR2330-1GU** 40 F500
FB1225H2-B 3.0 Parallel Series, 6.0 Series - 48 N/A 384
FB2032H2-BA 3.0 Parallel Series, 6.0 Series - 49 N/A 150
* Suffix “A” is to designate new case quantity
* Suffix “B” designates bulk packaged
** Height difference - closest equivalent 14
XI: FB Lithium Carbon-monofluoride Batteries
Rayovac® FB batteries consist of two Lithium
Carbon‑monofluoride coin cells encapsulated within
a glass filled polyester molded housing. The FB
series of batteries are configured to allow for series
or parallel interconnection between the cells.
FB batteries utilize Rayovac® BR Lithium Carbon‑
monofluoride technology to assure the greatest
reliability at very wide temperatures and the lowest
self‑discharge rate.
A. Features
• Meets or exceeds typical hermetically sealed
battery shelf life vs. temperature capability
Operating Temperature Range:
‑40°C to + ‑100°C (‑40°F to +212°F)
• PCB mountable, wave solderable, and
process tolerant
• Inherently safe chemistry
• Application flexibility
• Robotically placeable
C. Specification Table
Part
Number
Nominal
Voltage (volts)
Nominal
Capacity (mA)
Nominal Pulse
Capacity (mA*)
Dimensions
Width Length Height** Weight Volume
FB1225H2-B 3.0 Parallel
6.0 Series
100 Parallel
50 Series
16 Parallel
8 Series
15.9 mm
(0.625˝)
15.9 mm
(0.625˝)
10.3 mm
(0.405˝)
4.2 g
(0.15 oz.)
2.00 cc
(6.12 in3)
FB2032H2-BA 3.0 Parallel
6.0 Series
390 Parallel
195 Series
20 Parallel
10 Series
25.4 mm
(1.000˝)
25.4 mm
(1.000˝)
10.8 mm
(0.425˝)
11.9 g
(0.42 oz.)
6.14 cc
(0.375 in3)
B. Typical Applications
• Time/data protection
• Industrial control
• Communication equipment
• Application flexibility
• Portable Instruments
* Consult Rayovac OEM Engineering Division for assistance in determining pulse capability for your application.
** Height above circuit board. NEDA and IEC numbers have not been assigned to FB products. 15
D. Typical Discharge Curves
E. Dimensional Drawing
Conversion Chart
Inches Millimeters
0.100 2.5
.375 9.5
.395 10.0
.400 10.2
.405 10.3
.425 10.8
.555 14.1
.575 14.6
.625 15.9
.700 17.8
1.000 25.14
16
6.0
3.0
0.0
0 200100 300 400
Capacity
Voltage
FB2032H2 Typical Battery Discharge Curves
(Refer to page 9 for individual cell)
Series
Connected
Parallel
Connected
6.0
3.0
0.0
05025 75 100
Capacity
Voltage
FB1225H2 Typical Battery Discharge Curves
(Refer to page 8 for individual cell)
Series
Connected
Parallel
Connected
.700"
.395" .425"
.575"
1.000".700"
1.000"
.100"
B1 (-)
B1 (+) B2 (+)
B2 (-)
.375" .405" .555"
.400"
.625"
.625".400"
B1 (-)
B1 (+) B2 (+)
B2 (-)
.100"
FB1225H2 FB2032H2
For illustration only. Contact Rayovac for complete specifications.
Please Note: Current Rayovac® BR Lithium products are
not compatible with Surface Mount Technology (SMT)
soldering processes due to the extreme temperatures
required for reflow. Batteries should be added as a
secondary operation.
Figure 46
Figure 48 Figure 49
Figure 47
XII: Recommended Storage, Handling and Disposal Procedures
A. Storage and Date Codes
BR Lithium cells and FB Lithium batteries are
electrochemical devices which depend upon
internal chemical reactions to produce electrical
power. These reactions are accelerated by high
temperatures and retarded by low temperatures.
Therefore, to minimize power loss during storage,
batteries should be stored at ambient temperature,
21°C (70°F). Storage at lower temperatures is not
necessary nor recommended due to the possibility
of shorting from moisture condensation.
To maximize battery power, the following storage
procedures should be observed:
1. Rotate inventory. Maintain a first in, first out
method of stock storage and usage. The manu‑
facture date of Rayovac® cells and batteries are
identified by a date code stamped on the indi‑
vidual products.
2. Avoid storage in high temperature areas. Make
sure that cells and batteries are stored away from
hot air vents, radiators, motors, and equipment
that generates heat. Avoid storage near windows
or skylights where the sun can generate heat.
B. General Precautions
• BR Lithium cells & FB Lithium batteries should not
be inserted improperly, recharged, or disposed of
in fire
• Take precautions to insure correct polarity of the
battery in the device
• Recharging of batteries may cause leakage
• Never short‑circuit, disassemble, or subject
batteries to excessive heat
• Never expose Lithium to moisture
• Do not solder directly to battery case
• Improper welding can damage internal compo‑
nents and impair battery performance
• Damaged or penetrated batteries could present a
fire hazard. Handle all damaged batteries with this
caution in mind.
C. Handling and Shipping
Batteries are vulnerable to short circuiting if not
handled, packaged, or transported properly. Cell
types which have their positive and negative
terminations in close proximity to each other, or
tabbed cells, are particularly susceptible to short
circuiting if not handled properly. In prototyping
and assembly operations, care should be taken
to avoid placing these products on conductive
antistatic mats.
To avoid potential short circuit and shipping
damage situations:
1. Always store the batteries in the trays and/or
cartons in which they were shipped. Whenever
possible, reship the batteries in undamaged
original trays and/or cartons.
2. Rayovac offers individually packaged cells and
batteries, designated by a “‑1” suffix on the part
number. This allows for the safe handling and
transport of batteries in smaller quantities.
3. Never ship batteries or completed circuit boards
with installed batteries in anti‑static bags as
the bags are conductive and will short out the
battery.
4. Use caution with measuring equipment. Insulate
metal micrometers and calipers with tape to
avoid short circuiting batteries during dimen‑
sional checks.
5. Make sure batteries installed in equipment
are securely or permanently installed prior to
packaging.
D. Transportation Regulations
Transportation of Lithium batteries is regulated by
the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT),
the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO),
International Air Transport Association (IATA)
and the UN International Maritime Organization
(IMO). For Rayovac® BR and FB solid cathode
Lithium metal coin cells and batteries, the quantity
of Lithium metal is one of two key determinants
that define the applicable regulations and re‑
quirements with the other key being the mode of
transportation.
For the Lithium quantity: Rayovac® BR Lithium coin
cells contain less than 0.3 grams of Lithium metal
and Rayovac® FB Lithium batteries contain less than 17
.03 gram of Lithium metal.
All of Rayovac’s BR Lithium cells and FB Lithium
batteries meet the following requirements:
1. Ground/Domestic
a. USDOT Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49,
Part 173.185.
USDOT requires a label on all shipping cartons
noting the Lithium metal cells/batteries are
forbidden on passenger aircraft, even on those
cartons shipped only via highway, rail or vessel
transportation.
These Rayovac® cells and batteries must be
packaged in an inner carton and a strong
shipping carton meeting the requirements
of part 178, subparts L and M at the Packing
Group II performance level. They must be
packed in a manner to prevent short circuits
including movement that could lead to short
circuits.
2. Air
ICAO and IATA, these cells or batteries can
qualify for Packing Instruction (PI) 968‑II when
shipped alone. Note this exemption only allows
one package at 2.5 kg per consignee per day.
PI 968‑II requires the Lithium battery warning
label, Cargo Aircraft Only label and a warning
letter on the carton. When shipping multiple
cartons of Lithium metal cells or batteries per
consignee per day see PI 968‑IB. It requires
the Lithium Battery warning label, Cargo
Aircraft Only label, Class 9 label, UN # & proper
shipping name and a warning letter on each
carton. Overpacks are permitted. See PI 969
for Lithium metal cells or batteries packed with
equipment and PI 970 for Lithium metal cells
or batteries contained in equipment as the
shipping requirements will be different.
3. Ocean
International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
(IMDG). See special provision 188 and 230. The
Rayovac® cells and batteries must be packed in
strong shipping cartons and packed to prevent
short circuits.
4. ROHs compliant Lead Free (pb Free)
Transportation Regulations
The table below summarizes the specific requirements for each agency.
United States International
Regulatory Agency U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) 1. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
2. International Ait Transportation Association (IATA)
Regulation Title 49 CFR 173.185 IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations
Authorized Modes of
Transportation
All modes (Air - by cargo aircraft only) Air – by cargo aircraft only
Testing Required These Rayovac® cells and batteries have
passed the UN Model Regulations, Manual
of Test and Criteria, Part III, subsection 38.3
These Rayovac® cells and batteries have passed the UN
Model Regulations, Manual of Test and Criteria, Part III,
subsection 38.3
Special Packaging Use an inner carton inside a strong outer
shipping carton
Use an inner carton inside a strong outer shipping carton.
Gross weight can be no more than 2.5 kg. For PI. 968–II
Hazard Class and
Required Shipping
Name
UN3090, Class 9. See exceptions for smaller
cells or batteries in 173.185
UN3090, Class 9 but exempted by meeting the require-
ments of PI 968–II
Labels Required Forbidden on passenger aircraft - all.
Lithium warning label
Lithium warning label cargo aircraft only label
Lithium Metal Limits Cells: 1.0 gram
Batteries: 2.0 grams
Cells: 1.0 gram
Batteries: 2.0 grams
18
E. Disposal
This statement is provided as a service to those who
may want information concerning the safe disposal
of waste Rayovac® BR and FB (Lithium Carbon‑
monofluoride) battery products for the USA. These
products may be distinguished from other battery
products by the presence of the letters BR or FB in
the product designation, and are manufactured in a
disk or “coin” shape and square modules.
This information does not apply to any other
Lithium chemistry or Lithium Carbon‑monofluoride
products in other form factors.
Note: Where regulations regarding management
of spent/waste Lithium batteries exist outside of
the USA, they generally differ significantly from
United States regulations. For information regarding
recommended disposal and management practices
in regions or countries other than the USA, please
contact Rayovac at 1‑800‑237‑7000 within the USA,
or 608‑275‑3340 if outside the USA.
Regarding Rayovac® BR Lithium cells and FB
Lithium battery waste battery management in
the USA: Waste BR Lithium cells and FB Lithium
batteries are neither listed nor exempted from the
USEPA hazardous waste regulations. Waste BR and
FB Lithium products can be considered reactive
hazardous waste if there is a significant amount of
unreacted, or unconsumed Lithium remaining. This
potential problem may be avoided by discharging
waste cells and batteries prior to disposal. One
tested method for doing this is to place small quan‑
tities of BR Lithium cells or FB Lithium batteries into
a metal container with sufficient graphite to cover
and surround the individual cells.
This procedure will discharge the cells in approxi‑
mately two weeks to the point where no reactive
Lithium remains. The cells may then be disposed of
as nonhazardous waste in an ordinary landfill under
Federal regulations. The graphite can be reused
many times, as needed, or can be disposed of as
nonhazardous waste.
Other Disposal Methods
For a list of facilities with demonstrated ability to
manage waste BR Lithium cells and FB Lithium
battery products as hazardous waste, please click
here. The list is not guaranteed to be all inclusive,
nor does it seek to exclude potential service
suppliers. Rayovac provides it as a customer service
to assist the customer in determining what their
management options could be. Always review your
choice of firm before sending wastes.
Cautions
Under United States Federal law, waste generators
are responsible for their wastes. Be sure to check
your regional, national, or local regulations as they
may differ significantly. Always remember that
waste battery products may still have considerable
energy remaining in them. Handle such products
with care and in accordance with applicable USDOT,
IATA, or ICAO regulations.
F. Soldering
Rayovac’s BR and FB component class Lithium
batteries are suitable for direct soldering onto
printed circuit boards (PCB). A welded tab or pin
soldered to a PCB will ensure the highest contact
reliability available. Observe these precautions to
assure life‑of‑product reliability:
1. Hand Soldering
Never solder directly to cell cases. The resultant
heat will cause permanent internal damage to the
cell. Soldering of tabbed batteries should be ac‑
complished with a low wattage soldering iron by
applying heat just long enough to achieve a good
connection.
2. Wave Soldering
During the period when the battery tabs or pins
are in the solder bath, the battery is short circuit‑
ed. If this period is kept to under 5 seconds the
battery capacity loss will be minimized. Following
a short circuit the battery voltage will recover to
above 2.5 volts almost immediately while full re‑
covery to its final working voltage may take hours
or even days. This characteristic must be taken
into account when making electrical measure‑
ments on recovering batteries or when establish‑
ing manufacturing pass/fail points.
3. Surface Mount Technology
Rayovac offers a full line of surface mount Lithium
cells configurations. These cells are indicated by
the suffix “SM” or “SR” in the stock number. The
surface mount batteries have configurations that
allow for easy board mounting.
19
Current BR and FB Lithium products are not
compatible with Surface Mount Technology
(SMT) soldering processes due to the extreme
temperatures required for reflow. Batteries should
be added as a secondary operation.
Mixed technology boards that utilize both SMT
and traditional through‑hole components have
been successfully fabricated.
G. Washing
It is important that PCB wash techniques are
compatible with Rayovac’s Lithium BR and
FB batteries. The seals of these batteries are
polypropylene and solvents that attack this material
should be avoided. The most common Freon types
and deionized water have shown to be acceptable
cleaning solvents. Rayovac should be consulted if
there is any possibility of process related battery
damage.
XIII: U.L. Component Recognition
Rayovac® BR Lithium batteries have been
accepted by Underwriters Laboratories under their
Component Recognition Program and carries U.L.
File Number MH 12542. All recognized Lithium
batteries can be identified by the symbol
located on the data sheet.
For use in UL listed devices, these Lithium batteries
must be used in accordance to the following U.L.
conditions of acceptability.
A. Conditions of Acceptability
The use of these cells may be considered generally
acceptable under the conditions given below:
1. The cells are identified with producer’s name and
model designation on the cell.
2. These cells are intended for use as components
in devices where servicing of the circuitry
involving the cells and replacement of the Lithium
cells will be done by a trained technician.
3. These cells are intended for use at ordinary
temperatures where anticipated high
temperature excursions are not expected to
exceed 100°C (212°F).
4. These cells can be used in series up to a
maximum of four cells of the same model
number. When used in series, they should all be
replaced at the same time using fresh cells only.
These cells should not be connected in series
with any other (other than the allowed number of
cells in series) power source that would increase
the forward current through the cells
5. The circuit for these cells should include one of
the following:
A. Two suitable diodes or the equivalent in series
with the cells to prevent any reverse (charging)
current. The second diode is used to provide
protection in the event that one should fail.
Quality control, or equivalent procedures shall
be established by the device’s manufacturer
to insure the diode polarity is correct for each
unit.
– or –
B. A blocking diode or equivalent to prevent
reverse (charging) current, and in the event of
diode failure, the cell shall be further protected
against reverse (charging) current in excess
of the values shown in chart to the right. The
measure ment of this current shall include ap‑
propriate abnormal tests.
Maximum Reverse Charging Currents for
Rayovac® BR Lithium Coin Cells
Cell Models Maximum Current (mA)
BR1225 3.0
BR1632 3.0
BR2032 3.0
BR2335 5.0
FB1225 3.0
FB2032 3.0
Please Note: Current Rayovac® BR Lithium products are
not compatible with Surface Mount Technology (SMT)
soldering processes due to the extreme temperatures
required for reflow. Batteries should be added as a
secondary operation.
20
RECOGNIZED UNDER THE COMPONENT�
PROGRAM OF UNDERWRITERS LABOR-�
ATORIES
®
INC.�
B. Protective Battery Circuits
Notice
This publication is furnished only as a guide. It is the user’s responsibility to determine suitability of the
products described for the user’s purpose (even if the use is described herein) and to take precautions for
protection against any hazards attendant to the handling and use of the products. Rayovac recommends
prospective users test each application.
The battery products and arrangements described herein may be covered by patents owned by Rayovac or
others. Neither this disclosure nor the sale of products by Rayovac conveys any license under patent claims
covering combinations of battery products with other elements or devices. Rayovac does not assume
liability for patent infringement arising from any use of the products by the purchaser.
The technical data contained herein are not designed to be the basis for specifications. Rayovac’s OEM
Engineering Division can furnish data that can serve as the basis for specifications.
Rayovac Corporation • 3001 Deming Way • Middleton, WI 53562-1431
Telephone: 608-275-4694 • Fax: 608-288-7431 • e-mail: oem@rayovac.com
©2016 Spectrum Brands, Inc. • R5740
21
D1
R1
Circuit
D1
D2
B1
Vcc
Circuit
Vcc
Diode or
Transistor
Switch
Diode or
Transistor
Switch
B1
Protective Redundant Diodes Protective Diodes and Limiting Resistor
For D1/D2 use Low reverse leakage current Silicon diodes.
Do not use low power Schottky diodes.