logic symbol†
†This symbol is in accordance with ANSI/IEEE Std 91-1984 and IEC
Publication 617-12.
2VCC – 1.5 V
–2VCC + 1.5 V
2
6
14
7
13
8
C1+
C1–
C2+
C2–
1
3
4
5
11
10
12
9
GND
15
0 V
VCC
16
VCC
C1+
C1–
C2+
C2–
T1IN
T2IN
R1OUT
R2OUT
T1OUT
T2OUT
R1IN
R2IN
VS+
VS–
MAX232, MAX232I
DUAL EIA-232 DRIVER/RECEIVER
SLLS047G – FEBRUAR Y 1989 – REVISED AUGUST 1998
1
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
D
Operates With Single 5-V Power Supply
D
LinBiCMOS Process Technology
D
Two Drivers and Two Receivers
D
±30-V Input Levels
D
Low Supply Current...8 mA Typical
D
Meets or Exceeds TIA/EIA-232-F and ITU
Recommendation V.28
D
Designed to be Interchangeable With
Maxim MAX232
D
Applications
TIA/EIA-232-F
Battery-Powered Systems
Terminals
Modems
Computers
D
ESD Protection Exceeds 2000 V Per
MIL-STD-883, Method 3015
D
Package Options Include Plastic
Small-Outline (D, DW) Packages and
Standard Plastic (N) DIPs
description
The MAX232 device is a dual driver/receiver that
includes a capacitive voltage generator to supply
EIA-232 voltage levels from a single 5-V supply.
Each receiver converts EIA-232 inputs to 5-V
TTL/CMOS levels. These receivers have a typical
threshold of 1.3 V and a typical hysteresis of 0.5 V ,
and can accept ±30-V inputs. Each driver
converts TTL/CMOS input levels into EIA-232
levels. The driver, receiver, and voltage-generator
functions are available as cells in the Texas
Instruments LinASIC library.
The MAX232 is characterized for operation from
0°C to 70°C. The MAX232I is characterized for
operation from –40°C to 85°C.
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGED DEVICES
TASMALL
OUTLINE
(D)
SMALL
OUTLINE
(DW)
PLASTIC DIP
(N)
0°C to 70°C MAX232D‡MAX232DW‡MAX232N
–40°C to 85°C MAX232ID‡MAX232IDW‡MAX232IN
‡This device is available taped and reeled by adding an R to the part number (i.e., MAX232DR).
Copyright 1998, Texas Instruments Incorporated
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
LinASIC and LinBiCMOS are trademarks of Texas Instruments Incorporated.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
C1+
VS+
C1–
C2+
C2–
VS–
T2OUT
R2IN
VCC
GND
T1OUT
R1IN
R1OUT
T1IN
T2IN
R2OUT
D, DW, OR N PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
MAX232, MAX232I
DUAL EIA-232 DRIVER/RECEIVER
SLLS047G – FEBRUAR Y 1989 – REVISED AUGUST 1998
2POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)†
Input supply voltage range, VCC (see Note 1) –0.3 V to 6 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Positive output supply voltage range, VS+ V
CC –0.3 V to 15 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Negative output supply voltage range, VS– –0.3 V to –15 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Input voltage range, VI: Driver –0.3 V to VCC + 0.3 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver ±30 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Output voltage range, VO: T1OUT, T2OUT VS– –0.3 V to VS+ + 0.3 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R1OUT, R2OUT –0.3 V to VCC + 0.3 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Short-circuit duration: T1OUT, T2OUT Unlimited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Package thermal impedance, θJA (see Note 2): D package 113°C/W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DW package 105°C/W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N package 78°C/W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Storage temperature range, Tstg –65°C to 150°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds 260°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
†Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only , and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may af fect device reliability.
NOTE 1: All voltage values are with respect to network ground terminal.
2. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51, except for through-hole packages, which use a trace length
of zero.
recommended operating conditions
MIN NOM MAX UNIT
Supply voltage, VCC 4.5 5 5.5 V
High-level input voltage, VIH (T1IN,T2IN) 2 V
Low-level input voltage, VIL (T1IN, T2IN) 0.8 V
Receiver input voltage, R1IN, R2IN ±30 V
O
p
erating free air tem
p
erature TA
MAX232 0 70 °
C
Operating
free
-
air
temperat
u
re
,
T
AMAX232I –40 85
°C
MAX232, MAX232I
DUAL EIA-232 DRIVER/RECEIVER
SLLS047G – FEBRUAR Y 1989 – REVISED AUGUST 1998
3
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
electrical characteristics over recommended ranges of supply voltage and operating free-air
temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP†MAX UNIT
VOH
High-level out
p
ut voltage
T1OUT, T2OUT RL = 3 kΩ to GND 57
V
VOH
High
-
level
out ut
voltage
R1OUT, R2OUT IOH = –1 mA 3.5
V
VOL
Low level output voltage‡
T1OUT, T2OUT RL = 3 kΩ to GND –7 –5
V
V
OL
L
ow-
l
eve
l
ou
t
pu
t
vo
lt
age
‡
R1OUT, R2OUT IOL = 3.2 mA 0.4
V
VIT+ Receiver positive-going input
threshold voltage R1IN, R2IN VCC = 5 V, TA = 25°C 1.7 2.4 V
VIT– Receiver negative-going input
threshold voltage R1IN, R2IN VCC = 5 V, TA = 25°C 0.8 1.2 V
Vhys Input hysteresis voltage R1IN, R2IN VCC = 5 V 0.2 0.5 1 V
riReceiver input resistance R1IN, R2IN VCC = 5, TA = 25°C 3 5 7 kΩ
roOutput resistance T1OUT, T2OUT VS+ = VS– = 0, VO = ±2 V 300 Ω
IOS§Short-circuit output current T1OUT, T2OUT VCC = 5.5 V, VO = 0 ±10 mA
IIS Short-circuit input current T1IN, T2IN VI = 0 200 µA
ICC Supply current VCC = 5.5 V,
TA = 25°CAll outputs open, 8 10 mA
†All typical values are at VCC = 5 V, TA = 25°C.
‡The algebraic convention, in which the least positive (most negative) value is designated minimum, is used in this data sheet for logic voltage
levels only.
§Not more than one output should be shorted at a time.
switching characteristics, VCC = 5 V, TA = 25°C
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
tPLH(R) Receiver propagation delay time, low- to high-level output See Figure 1 500 ns
tPHL(R) Receiver propagation delay time, high- to low-level output See Figure 1 500 ns
SR Driver slew rate RL = 3 kΩ to 7 kΩ,
See Figure 2 30 V/µs
SR(tr) Driver transition region slew rate See Figure 3 3 V/µs
MAX232, MAX232I
DUAL EIA-232 DRIVER/RECEIVER
SLLS047G – FEBRUAR Y 1989 – REVISED AUGUST 1998
4POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
≤10 ns
VCC
R1IN
or
R2IN
R1OUT
or
R2OUT
RL = 1.3 kΩ
See Note C
CL = 50 pF
(see Note B)
TEST CIRCUIT
≤10 ns
Input
Output
tPHL tPLH
1.5 V VOL
VOH
0 V
3 V
10% 90%
50%
500 ns
WAVEFORMS
1.5 V
90%
50% 10%
NOTES: A. The pulse generator has the following characteristics: ZO = 50 Ω, duty cycle ≤ 50%.
B. CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
C. All diodes are 1N3064 or equivalent.
Pulse
Generator
(see Note A)
Figure 1. Receiver Test Circuit and Waveforms for tPHL and tPLH Measurements
MAX232, MAX232I
DUAL EIA-232 DRIVER/RECEIVER
SLLS047G – FEBRUAR Y 1989 – REVISED AUGUST 1998
5
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
T1IN or T2IN T1OUT or T2OUT
CL = 10 pF
(see Note B)
TEST CIRCUIT
≤10 ns≤10 ns
Input
Output
tPHL tPLH
VOL
VOH
0 V
3 V
10%
90%
50%
5 µs
WAVEFORMS
90%
50% 10%
RL
90%
10%
90%
10%
tTLH
tTHL
EIA-232 Output
SR
+
0.8 (VOH–VOL)
tTLH or 0.8 (VOL–VOH)
tTHL
NOTES: A. The pulse generator has the following characteristics: ZO = 50 Ω, duty cycle ≤ 50%.
B. CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
Pulse
Generator
(see Note A)
Figure 2. Driver Test Circuit and Waveforms for tPHL and tPLH Measurements (5-µs input)
EIA-232 Output
–3 V 3 V
–3 V
3 V
3 kΩ
10%
1.5 V
90%
WAVEFORMS
20 µs
1.5 V
90%
10%
VOH
VOL
tTLH
tTHL
≤10 ns ≤10 ns
TEST CIRCUIT
CL = 2.5 nF
Pulse
Generator
(see Note A)
Input
Output
SR
+
6V
t
THL or tTLH
NOTE A: The pulse generator has the following characteristics: ZO = 50 Ω, duty cycle ≤ 50%.
Figure 3. Test Circuit and Waveforms for tTHL and tTLH Measurements (20-µs input)
MAX232, MAX232I
DUAL EIA-232 DRIVER/RECEIVER
SLLS047G – FEBRUAR Y 1989 – REVISED AUGUST 1998
6POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
APPLICATION INFORMATION
VS+
VS–
2
6
14
7
13
8
C1+
C1–
C2+
C2–
1
3
4
5
11
10
12
9
GND
15
0 V
VCC
16
5 V
EIA-232 Output
EIA-232 Output
EIA-232 Input
EIA-232 Input
+1 µF
8.5 V
– 8.5 V
1 µF
1 µF
1 µF
From CMOS or TTL
To CMOS or TTL
Figure 4. Typical Operating Circuit
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue
any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information
to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold
subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgement, including those
pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability.
TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in
accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent
TI deems necessary to support this warranty . Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily
performed, except those mandated by government requirements.
CERTAIN APPLICATIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MAY INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF
DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (“CRITICAL
APPLICATIONS”). TI SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED, OR
WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE-SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS OR OTHER
CRITICAL APPLICA TIONS. INCLUSION OF TI PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERSTOOD TO
BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.
In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating
safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent
that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other
intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such
semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third
party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof.
Copyright 1998, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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MAX232, DUAL EIA-232 DRIVER/RECEIVER
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Parameter Name MAX232
Drivers Per Package 2
Receivers Per Package 2
Receiver tpd (ns) 500
Supply Voltage(s) (V) 5
ICC (max) (mA) 10
Footprint MAX232
The MAX232 device is a dual driver/receiver that includes a capacitive voltage generator to
supply EIA-232 voltage levels from a single 5-V supply. Each receiver converts EIA-232
inputs to 5-V TTL/CMOS levels. These receivers have a typical threshold of 1.3 V and a
typical hysteresis of 0.5 V, and can accept ±30-V inputs. Each driver converts TTL/CMOS
input levels into EIA-232 levels. The driver, receiver, and voltage-generator functions are
available as cells in the Texas Instruments LinASICTM library.
The MAX232 is characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C. The MAX232I is
characterized for operation from -40°C to 85°C.
lOperates With Single 5-V Power Supply
lLinBiCMOSTM Process Technology
lTwo Drivers and Two Receivers
l±30-V Input Levels
lLow Supply Current...8 mA Typical
lMeets or Exceeds TIA/EIA-232-F and ITU Recommendation V.28
lDesigned to be Interchangeable With Maxim MAX232
lApplications
lTIA/EIA-232-F
lBattery-Powered Systems
lTerminals
lModems
2 of 3
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Datasheets
Full datasheet in Acrobat PDF: slls047g.pdf (106 KB)
Full datasheet in Zipped PostScript: slls047g.psz (96 KB)
Pricing/Samples/Availability
Application Reports
l422 AND 485 OVERVIEW AND SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS (SLLA070 - Updated: 02/15/2000)
lANALOG APPLICATIONS JOURNAL, FEBRUARY 2000 (SLYT012A - Updated: 03/23/2000)
lANALOG APPLICATIONS JOURNAL, NOVEMBER 1999 (SLYT010A - Updated: 03/23/2000)
lCOMPARING BUS SOLUTIONS (SLLA067 - Updated: 03/06/2000)
lELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE APPLICATION NOTE (SSYA008 - Updated: 05/05/1999)
lINTERFACE CIRCUITS FOR TIA/EIA-232-F (SLLA037 - Updated: 02/05/1999)
lJITTER ANALYSIS (SLLA075 - Updated: 03/31/2000)
lSKEW DEFINITIONS (SLLA060 - Updated: 08/13/1999)
lTHERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LINEAR AND LOGIC PACKAGES USING JEDEC PCB
DESIGNS (SZZA017A - Updated: 09/15/1999)
Related Documents
lA STATISTICAL SURVEY OF COMMON-MODE NOISE (SLLA057, 131 KB - Updated: 12/23/1999)
lComputers
lESD Protection Exceeds 2000 V Per MIL-STD-883, Method 3015
lPackage Options Include Plastic Small-Outline (D, DW) Packages and Standard
Plastic (N) DIPs
LinASIC and LinBiCMOS are trademarks of Texas Instruments Incorporated.
Orderable Device Package Pins Temp (ºC) Status Price/unit
USD (100-999) Pack Qty Availability / Samples
MAX232D D16 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 1.20 40 Check stock or order
MAX232DR D16 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 1.04 2500 Check stock or order
MAX232DW DW 16 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 1.40 40 Check stock or order
MAX232DWR DW 16 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 1.17 2000 Check stock or order
MAX232ID D16 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 2.00 40 Check stock or order
MAX232IDR D16 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE Check stock or order
MAX232IDW DW 16 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 2.30 40 Check stock or order
MAX232IDWR DW 16 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 1.95 2000 Check stock or order
MAX232IN N16 -40 TO 85 ACTIVE 2.00 25 Check stock or order
MAX232N N16 0 TO 70 ACTIVE 2.00 25 Check stock or order
MAX232NS NS 16 0 TO 70 ACTIVE Check stock or order
3 of 3
Table Data Updated on: 6/2/2000
(c) Copyright 2000 Texas Instruments Incorporated. All rights reserved.
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