ZANational Semiconductor LM140A/LM 140/LM340A/LM340/LM7800/LM7800C Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators General Description The LM140A/LM140/LM340A/LM340/LM7800/LM7800C monolithic 3-terminal positive voltage regulators employ in- ternal current-limiting, thermal shutdown and safe-area compensation, making them essentially indestructible. If ad- equate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1.0A output current. They are interided as fixed voltage regula- tors in a wide range of applications including local (on-card) regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. In addition to use as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable output voltages Features a Complete specifications at 1A load m Output voltage tolerances of +2% at Tj = 25C and +4% over the temperature range (LM140A/LM340A) Line regulation of 0.01% of VouT/V of AVin at 1A load (LM140A/LM340A) @ Load regulation of 0.3% of VouT/A (LM140A/LM340A) @ Internal thermal overload protection @ Internal short-circuit current limit m Output transistor safe area protection m P+ Product Enhancement tested and currents. Devi tout Volt Pack, Considerable effort was expended to make the entire series evice Output Voltages ackages of regulators easy to use and minimize the number of exter- LM140A/LM140 | 5, 12, 15 TO-3 (K) nal components. it is not necessary to bypass the output, although this does improve transient response. Input by- LM340A/LM340| 5, 12, 15 TO-3 (K), TO-220 (7) passing is needed only if the regulator is located far from LM7800 8, 18, 24 TO-3 (K), TO-220 (T) ilt i th . the filter capacitor of the power supply. LM7800C 5,6,8, 12,15, | TO-3 (kK), TO-220 (T) The entire series of regulators is available in the steel TO-3 18,24 power package. The LM340A/LM340/LM7800/LM7800C series is also available in the TO-220 plastic power pack- age. Typical Applications Fixed Output Regulator Adjustable Output Regulator Current Regulator INPUT LM3e0.xx OUTPUT INPUT umga0-5.0 OUTPUT INPUT. LM340-XX | GND < | ci* ae > RI i 0.22 uF w 2 22 uF > Al C1 | TL. cl t OUTPUT pe R2 = _ = < 'ouT TL/H/7781-1 TL/H/7781-3 *Requirad if the regulator is located far from the V2-3 power supply filter. = lout = By + 'a ** Although no output capacitor is needed for sta- bility, it does help transient response. (If need- ed, use 0.1 F, ceramic disc). LM340-5). TL/H/7781-2 Aig = 1.9 mA over line and load changes. Vout = 5V + (SV/R1 + Ig) R2 5V/R1 > 3 lo, load regulation (L,) = [(R1 + R2)/R1] (L; of 1-101 9008Z1/008ZW1/0PEN1/VOPENT/OPLIWT/VObLINTLM140A/LM140/LM340A/LM340/LM7800/LM7800C Absolute Maximum Ratings (note 1) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/Distributors for availability and specifications. (Note 5) DC Input Voltage All Devices except LM7824/LM7824C 35V LM7824/LM7824C 40V Internal Power Dissipation (Note 2) Internally Limited Maximum Junction Temperature 150C Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) 65C to + 150C Operating Conditions joie 1) Temperature Range (Ta) (Note 2) LM140A, LM140, LM7808, LM7818, LM7824 LM340A, LM340, LM7805C, LM7812C, LM7815C LM7806C, LM7808C, LM7818C, LM7824C TO-3 Package (K, KC) 300C TO-220 Package (T) 230C ESD Susceptibility (Note 3) 2kV LM140A/LM340A Electrical Characteristics lout = 1A, 55C < Ty < +150C (LM140A), or OC < Ty < + 125C (LM340A) unless otherwise specified (Note 4) 56C to + 126C 0C to + 70C 0C to + 125C Output Voltage 5V 12V 15V Symbo! Input Voltage (unless otherwise noted) 10V 19V 23V Units Parameter Conditions Min [ Typ | Max Min | 7 Typ Max | Min Typ | Max Vo Output Voltage Ty = 25C 49 5 5.4 411.75 12 12.25)14.7 15 15.3 Vv Pp < 15W,5mMA So Electrical Characteristics (Note 4) 55c < T, < + 150C uniess otherwise specified > re Output Voltage 5V 12V 15V = _h Symbol Input Voltage (unless otherwise noted) 10V 19V 23V Units 3S Parameter Conditions Min | Typ | Max| Min | Typ | Max | Min | Typ | Max r Vo Output Voltage Ty = 25C, 5 mA AVo ___|Line Regulation Io = 500 mA |Ty = 25C 0) 4 120 4 150 | mv = AVin (7 < Vin < 25) | (14.5 < Vin < 30)| (17.5 < Vin < 30) Vv le 56C < Ty < + 150C 50 120 150 mV Ss AVIN (8 < Vin < 20) | (155 Vin< 27) | (18.5 < Vin < 30) vie lo s 1A Ty = 25C 50 120 150 mV = AViN (7.5 < Viy < 20) | (14.6 < Vin < 27)| (17.7 < Vin < 30) Vv 2 55C < Ty < + 150C 25 60 75 | mv | 2 AViNn (8 < Vin < 12) | (16 < Vin < 22) (20 < Vin < 26) Vv S AVo Load Regulation Ty = 25C BMA Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 4) Min | Typ | Max Units = Vo Output Voltage Ty = 25C 5.75 6.0 6.25 Vv S AVo Line Regulation Ty = 25C 8.0V < V| < 25V 5.0 | 120 mV c 9.0V < V < 13V 15 | 60 eS AVo Load Regulation Ty = 25C 5.0mA < lo < 1.5A 14 120 mV $ 250 MA < Ig < 750 MA 4.0 60 r Vo Output Voltage B.0V < Vi < 21V,5.0MA < Ig < 1.0A,P < 15W 5.7 6.3 Vv = la Quiescent Current Ty = 26C 43 8.0 mA S Alg Quiescent Current | WithLine | 8.0V < V, < 25V 1.3 mA E Change With Load | 5.0mA Vw Noise Ta = 25C, 10Hz < f < 100 kHz 45 pV 2 AV|/AVo Ripple Rejection f = 120 Hz, lo = 350 mA, Ty = 25C 59 75 dB c Vpo Dropout Voltage lo = 1.0A, Ty = 25C 2.0 Vv si Ro Output Resistance f = 1.0 kHz 9 mo S los Output Short Circuit Current Ty = 286C, V; = 35V 550 mA Ipk Peak Output Current Ty = 26C 2.2 A SVo/AT Average Temperature Io = 5.0 mA, OC < Ta < +125C 08 mv/C Coefficient of Output Voltage LM7808/LM7808C Electrical Characteristics -s5c < 1, < +150C (LM7808) or C < Ty < + 150C (LM7808C), V, = 14V, lo = 500 mA, C; = 0.33 uF, Co = 0.1 pF, unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 4) LM7608 LM7808C Units Min| Typ | Max| Min| Typ | Max Vo Output Voltage Ty = 26C 7.7| 8.0 | 8.3 | 7.7| 8.0 | 8.3 v AVo Line Regulation Ty = 25C 10.5V < V| < 25V 6.0 | 80 6.0 | 160 mV 110V o = Cour = VuF e - 2 z > 1 T uw E oo > a 2 e 5 a oe 0.001 35 10 100 tk 10k tak a 2 4 6 & 10 -75 -50-25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 FREQUENCY (Hz) INPUT VOLTAGE (Vv) JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C} Note: Shaded area refers to LM340A/LM340, LM7805C, LM7812C and LM7815C. Dropout Voltage Quiescent Current INPUT TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL (V) -7 -50-25 0 25 50 78 180125 150 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) Note: Shaded area refers to LM340A/LM340, LM7805C, LM7812C and LM7815C. QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) Vout > 5 lout = 18mA 7) = 25C & 0 16 2 2 30 35 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) TL/H/7781-4 1-107 9008ZW1/008ZIN1/0PEWNT/VOPENT/OFLWT/VOPLITLM140A/LM140/LM340A/LM340/LM7800/LM7800C Typical Performance Characteristics (continued) Load Regulation 140AK-5.0, Vin = 10V, Ta = 25C Line Regulation 140AK-5.0, lout = 1A, Ta = 25C = = = 2 5 2 E 8 = (4995 SL = Be 4995 aS 4990 aS 26 ge 4g90 2S Fa ze ae S raw 16 a a2 bE 5 > 2 12 5 re c a 2 3 5 e 05 mm S =z a - oe TIME (5 ms/DIV) TIME ( ms/DIV) TL/H/7781-5 Equivalent Schematic VIN au J 015 gat shy Me Lars 280k 21 R15 < 02 1.62k 3 ace aa} ww nig 30 gate 100 $0.25 Vout , > Siz 2720 27k i Ao gait yaar $azt 22.67k +{as ria 2830 GND TL/H/7781-7 (A) JDVLIOA LONI TL/H/7781-6 1-108Application Hints The LM340/LM78Xx series is designed with thermal pro- tection, output short-circuit protection and output transistor safe area protection. However, as with any IC regulator, it becomes necessary to take precautions to assure that the regulator is not inadvertently damaged. The following de- scribes possible misapplications and methods to prevent damage to the regulator. Shorting the Regulator Input: When using large capaci- tors at the output of these regulators, a protection diode connected input to output (Figure 1) may be required if the input is shorted to ground. Without the protection diode, an input short will cause the input to rapidly approach ground potential, while the output remains near the initial Voy be- cause of the stored charge in the large output capacitor. The capacitor will then discharge through a large internal input to output diode and parasitic transistors. If the energy released by the capacitor is large enough, this diode, low current metal and the regulator will be destroyed. The fast diode in Figure 7 will shunt most of the capacitors discharge current around the regulator. Generally no protection diode is required for values of output capacitance < 10 pF. D 1na002 T 340 Vout \ ake c T I " TL/H/7781~8 FIGURE 1. Input Short Raising the Output Voltage above the Input Voltage: Since the output of the device does not sink current, forcing the output high can cause damage to internal tow current paths in a manner similar to that just described in the Shorting the Regulator Input section. Regulator Floating Ground (Figure 2): When the ground pin alone becomes disconnected, the output approaches the unregulated input, causing possible damage to other cir- cuits connected to Vout. If ground is reconnected with pow- er ON, damage may also occur to the regulator. This fault is most likely to occur when plugging in regulators or mod- ules with on card regulators into powered up sockets. Power should be turned off first, thermal limit ceases operating, or ground should be connected first if power must be left on. Transient Voltages: If transients exceed the maximum rat- ed input voltage of the device, or reach more than 0.8V below ground and have sufficient energy, they will damage the regulator. The solution is to use a jarge input capacitor, a series input breakdown diode, a choke, a transient sup- pressor or a combination of these. VIN T- 340 oy Vout TL/H/7781~9 FIGURE 2. Regulator Floating Ground Vin oe 340 VOUT | ] L 1 i i a * . TL/H/7781-10 FIGURE 3. Transients 1-109 90082IN1/008ZW1/0VENT/VOVENT/0PLW1/VOFLILM140A/LM140/LM340A/LM340/LM7800/LM7800C Typical Applications 2 TT 0.1 uF (NOTE 1) TL/H/7781-14 Fixed Output Regulator High Input Voltage Circuits 1 2 1 \ LW7800 Yo v M7800 wae oe 0.22 uF T 3 t 0.1 uF 0.22 uF 3 TL/H/7781-13 Note 1: Bypass capacitors are recommended for optimum stability and tran- sient response, and should be located as close as possible to the regulator. v s . | 2 LM7800 rT Yo 3 0. High Current Voltage Regulator i ( B(Q1) = OMax IREG Max R= 0.9 - B(Q1) VBE IREG = IREG Max (8 + 1) lomax IN 0.8 sc = Isc 1= BVBE(Q1) IREG Max (8 + 1) lomax TL/H/7781-15 Q1 for 2N6133 a Ri 3.00 ec Ig MAX Wi4 T LM7800 T Vy 0.22 pF 3 0.1 pF - TL/H/7781-16 High Output Current, Short Circuit Protected a fs 2N6 132 WwW Q2 2N6124 ANA LM7800 2 ouT Wr . : T 3.00 0.22 pF 0.1 pF ~L_] PT t TL/H/7781-17 Positive and Negative Regulator LM7800 + OUT LM7800 - OUT TL/H/7781-18 1-110Connection Diagrams and Ordering Information TO-3 Metal Can Package (K and KC) GROUND (CASE) TO-220 Power Package (T) GND O ; + ono TLAN/7781-11 _> wPut Bottom View Steel Package Order Numbers: TL/H/7781-12 LM140AK-5.0 LM140AK-12 LM140AK-15 Top View LM140K-5.0 LM140K-12 LM140K-15 Plastic Package Order Numbers: LM340AT-5.0 LM340T-5.0 LM340AT-12 LM340T-12 LM340AT-15 LM340T-15 LM140AK-5.0/883 LM140AK-12/883 LM140AK-15/883 LM140K-5.0/883 LM140K-12/883 LM140K-15/883 LM340AK-5.0 LM340AK-12 LM340AK-15 LM340K-5.0 LM340K-12 LM340K-15 M7805CT LM7812CT LM7806CK LM7808CK LM7808K Cnverecy LM7806CT LM7818CK LM7818K LM7824CK LM7808SCT LM7818CT LM7824K LM7824CT See Package Number K02A See Package Number T03B 0008ZIN1/008ZW1/0PEINT/VOPENT/0PIW1/VOPLWT Aluminum Package Order Numbers: LM340KC-5.0 LM340KC-12 LM340KC-15 LM7805CK LM7812CK LM7815CK See Package Number KC02A TO-39 Metal Can Package (H) O IN OUT GND TL/H/7781-19 Top View Metal Can Order Numbers: LM140H-5.0/883 LM140H-6.0/883 LM140H-8.0/883 LM140H-12/883 LM140H-15/883 LM140H-24/883 See Package Number H03A tThe specifications for the LM140H/883 devices are not contained in this datasheet. If specifications for these devices are required, contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/Distributors. 1-111