BQ2060A-E619DBQR - Texas Instruments

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

SBS v1.1-Compliant Gas Gauge IC

Check for Samples: bq2060A

The bq2060A supports the smart battery data

1FEATURES (SBData) commands and charge-control functions. It

•Provides Accurate Measurement of Available communicates data using the system management

Charge in NiCd, NiMH, Li-Ion, and Lead-Acid bus (SMBus) 2-wire protocol or the Benchmarq 1-wire

Batteries HDQ16 protocol. The data available include the

remaining battery capacity, temperature, voltage,

•Supports SBS Smart Battery Data current, and remaining run-time predictions. The

Specification v1.1 bq2060A provides LED drivers and a pushbutton

•Supports the 2-Wire SMBus v1.1 Interface With input to depict remaining battery capacity from full to

PEC or 1-Wire HDQ16 empty in 20% or 25% increments with a 4- or

•Reports Individual Cell Voltages 5-segment display.

•Monitors and Provides Control to Charge and The bq2060A works with an external EEPROM. The

Discharge FETs in Li-Ion Protection Circuit EEPROM stores the configuration information for the

bq2060A, such as battery chemistry, self-discharge

•Provides 15-Bit Resolution for Voltage, rate, rate compensation factors, measurement

Temperature, and Current Measurements calibration, and design voltage and capacity. The

•Measures Charge Flow Using a V-to-F bq2060A uses the programmable self-discharge rate

Converter With Offset of Less Than 16 µV After and other compensation factors stored in the

Calibration EEPROM to accurately adjust remaining capacity for

•Consumes Less Than 0.5 mW Operating use and standby conditions based on time, rate, and

temperature. The bq2060A also automatically

•Drives a 4- or 5-Segment LED Display for calibrates or learns the true battery capacity in the

Remaining Capacity Indication course of a discharge cycle from near-full to

•28-Pin 150-Mil (3,8-mm) SSOP near-empty levels.

The REG output regulates the operating voltage for

DESCRIPTION the bq2060A from the battery cell stack using an

The bq2060A SBS-compliant gas gauge IC for external JFET.

battery pack or in-system installation maintains an

accurate record of available charge in rechargeable PIN CONNECTIONS

batteries. The bq2060A monitors capacity and other

critical battery parameters for NiCd, NiMH, Li-ion, and

lead-acid chemistries. The bq2060A uses a 150-Mil (3,8-mm) SSOP

28-Pin

voltage-to-frequency converter with automatic offset

error correction for charge and discharge counting.

For voltage, temperature, and current reporting, the

bq2060A uses an A-to-D converter. The onboard

ADC also monitors individual cell voltages in a Li-ion

battery pack and allows the bq2060A to generate

control signals that may be used with a pack

supervisor to enhance pack safety.

1Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas

Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas

Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not

necessarily include testing of all parameters.

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

www.ti.com

This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with

appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage.

ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more

susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications.

Pin Descriptions

PIN DESCRIPTION

NAME NUMBER

HDQ16 1 Serial communication input/output. Open-drain bidirectional communications port

Serial memory clock. Output to clock the data transfer between the bq2060A and the external nonvolatile

ESCL 2 configuration memory

Serial memory data and address. Bidirectional pin used to transfer address and data to and from the bq2060A

ESDA 3 and the external nonvolatile configuration memory.

RBI 4 operating voltage. RBI accepts a storage capacitor or a battery input.

REG 5 Regulator output. Output to control an n-JFET for VCC regulation to the bq2060A from the battery potential

VOUT (1) 6 EEPROM supply output. Output that supplies power to the external EEPROM configuration memory

VCC (1) 7 Supply voltage input

VSS 8 Ground

DISP 9 Display control input. Input that controls the LED drivers LED1–LED5

LED1–LED510–14 LED display segment outputs. Outputs that each may drive an external LED

DFC 15 Discharge FET control. Output to control the discharge FET in the Li-ion pack protection circuitry

CFC 16 Charge FET control output. Output to control the charge FET in the Li-ion pack protection circuitry

Cell voltage divider control output. Output control for external FETs to connect the cells to the external voltage

CVON 17 dividers during cell voltage measurements

Thermistor bias control. Output control for external FETs to connect the thermistor bias resistor during a

THON 18 temperature measurement

TS 19 Thermistor voltage input. Input connection for a thermistor to monitor temperature

SRC 20 Current sense input. Input to monitor instantaneous current

Charge-flow sense resistor inputs. Input connections for a small value sense resistor to monitor the battery

SR1–SR221–22 charge and discharge current flow

VCELL1–VC 23–26 Single-cell voltage inputs. Inputs that monitor the series element cell voltages

ELL4

SMBD 27 SMBus data. Open-drain bidirectional pin used to transfer address and data to and from the bq2060A

SMBC 28 SMBus clock. Open-drain bidirectional pin used to clock the data transfer to and from the bq2060A

(1) CAUTION: Recent changes to some EEPROM ICs have made the timing of the VOUT pin unreliable. It is strongly recommended that the

EEPROM is powered from the VCC pin (pin 7). Also, it is acceptable to short pins 6 and 7, if needed.

ORDERING INFORMATION

(1) For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this

document, or see the TI Web site at www.ti.com.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS MIN MAX UNIT NOTES

Supply voltage, VCC Relative to VSS –0.3 6 V

HDQ16, SMBC, SMBD relative to VSS –0.3 6 V

Input Voltage, VIN VSS –0.3

All other pins VCC + 0.3 V

Operating temperature, TOPR –20 70 °C Commercial

Junction temperature, TJ–40 125 °C

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

VCC = 2.7 V to 3.7 V, TOPR =–20°C to 70°C, unless otherwise noted

SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

VCC Supply voltage 2.7 3.3 3.7 V

ICC Operating current VOUT inactive 180 235 µA

ISLP Low-power storage mode current 1.5 V <VCC <3.7 V 5 10 µA

ILVOUT VOUT leakage current VOUT inactive –0.2 0.2 µA

VOUT active,

IVOUT VOUT source current –5 mA

VCC –0.6 V

Output voltage low: LED1–LED5, CFC,DFC IOLS = 5 mA 0.4 V

VOLS Output voltage low: THON, CVON IOLS = 5 mA 0.36 V

VIL Input voltage low DISP –0.3 0.8 V

VIH Input voltage high DISP 2 VCC + 0.3 V

VOL Output voltage low SMBC, SMBD, HDQ16, ESCL, ESDA IOL = 1 mA 0.4 V

VILS Input voltage low SMBC, SMBD, HDQ16, ESCL, ESDA –0.3 0.8 V

VIHS Input voltage high SMBC, SMBD, HDQ16, ESCL, ESDA 1.7 6.0 V

VAI Input voltage range VCELL1–4, TS, SRC VSS –0.3 1.25 V

VRBI >3 V,

IRB RBI data-retention input current 10 50 nA

VCC <2 V

VRBI RBI data-retention voltage 1.3 V

ZAI1 Input impedance: SR1, SR2 0–1.25 V 10 MΩ

ZAI2 Input impedance: VCELL1–4, TS, SRC 0–1.25 V 5 MΩ

VFC CHARACTERISTICS

VCC = 3.1 to 3.5 V, TOPR =–0°C to 70°C, unless otherwise noted

SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

VSR Input voltage range, VSR2 and VSR1 VSR = VSR2–VSR1 –0.25 +0.25 V

VSROS VSR input offset VSR2 = VSR1, auto-correction disabled –250 –50 250 µV

VSRCOS Calibrated offset –16 +16 µV

RMVCO Supply voltage gain coefficient(1) VCC = 3.3 V 0.8 1.2 %/V

Slope for TOPR =–20°C to 70°C–0.09 +0.09 %/°C

Total deviation TOPR =–20°C to 70°C–1.6% 0.1%

RMTCO Temperature gain coefficient(1) Slope for TOPR =–0°C to 50°C–0.05 +0.05 %/°C

Total deviation TOPR =–0°C to 50°C–0.6% 0.1%

INL Integral nonlinearity error TOPR = 0°C–50°C 0.21%

(1) RM(TCO) total deviation is from the nominal gain at 25°C.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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REG CHARACTERISTICS

TOPR =–20°C to 70°C

SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Normal mode: REG controlled 3.1 3.3 3.5

output voltage

VRO JFET: Rds(on) <150 Ω, Vgs(off) < –3 V at 10 µA V

Sleep mode: REG controlled 4

output voltage

IREG REG output current 1 µA

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

SMBus AC SPECIFICATIONS

VCC = 2.7 V to 3.7 V, TOPR =–20°C to 70°C, unless otherwise noted

SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

fSMB SMBus operating frequency Slave mode, SMBC 50% duty cycle 10 100 kHz

Master mode, no clock low slave

fMAS SMBus master clock frequency 51.2 kHz

extend

tBUF Bus free time between start and stop 4.7 µs

tHD:STA Hold time after (repeated) start 4 µs

tSU:STA Repeated start setup time 4.7 µs

tSU:STO Stop setup time 4 µs

Receive mode 0 ns

tHD:DAT Data hold time Transmit mode 300 ns

tSU:DAT Data setup time 250 ns

tTIMEOUT Error signal/detect See (1) 25 35 ms

tLOW Clock low period 4.7 µs

tHIGH Clock high period See (2) 4 50 µs

tLOW:SEXT Cumulative clock low slave extend time See (3) 25 ms

tLOW:MEXT Cumulative clock low master extend time See (4) 10 ms

(1) The bq2060A times out when any clock low exceeds TTIMEOUT.

(2) THIGH Max. is minimum bus idle time. SMBC = 1 for t >50 ms causes reset of any transaction involving bq2060A that is in progress.

(3) TLOW:SEXT is the cumulative time a slave device is allowed to extend the clock cycles in one message from initial start to the stop.

The bq2060A typically extends the clock only 20 ms as a slave in the read byte or write byte protocol.

(4) TLOW:MEXT is the cumulative time a master device is allowed to extend the clock cycles in one message from initial start to the stop.

The bq2060A typically extends the clock only 20 ms as a master in the read byte or write byte protocol.

HDQ16 AC SPECIFICATIONS

VCC = 2.7 V to 3.7 V, TOPR =–20°C to 70°C, unless otherwise noted

SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

tCYCH Cycle time, host to bq2060A (write) 190 µs

tCYCB Cycle time, bq2060A to host (read) 190 205 250 µs

tSTRH Start hold time, host to bq2060A(write) 5 — — ns

tSTRB Start hold time, bq2060A to host (read) 32 — — µs

DSU Data setup time — — 50 µs

tDSUB Data setup time — — 50 µs

tDH Data hold time 100 — — µs

tDV Data valid time 80 — — µs

tSSU Stop setup time — — 145 µs

tSSUB Stop setup time — — 145 µs

tRSPS Response time, bq2060A to host 190 —320 µs

t]Break time 190 — — µs

tBR Break recovery time 40 — — µs

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

THD:STA

TSU:STO

TSU:STA

SMBC

SMBD TBUF

TLOW

TSU:DAT

THD:DAT

THIGH

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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Figure 1. SMBus Timing Data

Figure 2. HDQ16 Break Timing

Figure 3. HDQ16 Host to bq2060A

Figure 4. HDQ16 bq2060A to Host

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

General Operation

The bq2060A determines battery capacity by monitoring the amount of charge input or removed from a

rechargeable battery. In addition to measuring charge and discharge, the bq2060A measures battery voltage,

temperature, and current, estimates battery self-discharge, and monitors the battery for low-voltage thresholds.

The bq2060A measures charge and discharge activity by monitoring the voltage across a small-value series

sense resistor between the battery negative terminal and the negative terminal of the battery pack. The available

battery charge is determined by monitoring this voltage and correcting the measurement for environmental and

operating conditions.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Figure 5 shows a typical bq2060A-based battery-pack application. The circuit consists of the LED display,

voltage and temperature measurement networks, EEPROM connections, a serial port, and the sense resistor.

The EEPROM stores basic battery-pack configuration information and measurement-calibration values. The

EEPROM must be programmed properly for bq2060A operation. Table 9 shows the EEPROM memory map and

outlines the programmable functions available in the bq2060A.

The bq2060A accepts an NTC thermistor (Semitec 103AT) for temperature measurement. The bq2060A uses the

thermistor temperature to monitor battery-pack temperature, detect a battery full-charge condition, and

compensate for self-discharge and charge/discharge battery efficiencies.

Measurements

The bq2060A uses a fully differential, dynamically balanced voltage-to-frequency converter (VFC) for charge

measurement and a sigma delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for battery voltage, current, and temperature

measurement.

Voltage, current, and temperature measurements are made every 2–2.5 seconds, depending on the bq2060A

operating mode. Maximum times occur with compensated EDV, mWh mode, and maximum allowable discharge

rate. Any AtRate computations requested or scheduled (every 20 seconds) may add up to 0.5 second to the time

interval.

Charge and Discharge Counting

The VFC measures the charge and discharge flow of the battery by monitoring a small-value sense resistor

between the SR1and SR2pins as shown in Figure 5. The VFC measures bipolar signals up to 250 mV. The

bq2060A detects charge activity when VSR = VSR2 –VSR1 is positive and discharge activity when VSR =

VSR2 –VSR1 is negative. The bq2060A continuously integrates the signal over time using an internal counter. The

fundamental rate of the counter is 6.25 µVh.

Offset Calibration

The bq2060A provides an auto-calibration feature to cancel the voltage offset error across SR1and SR2for

maximum charge measurement accuracy. The calibration routine is initiated by issuing a command to

Manufacturer Access(). The bq2060A is capable of automatic offset calibration down to 6.25 µV. Offset

cancellation resolution is less than 1 µV.

Digital Filter

The bq2060A does not measure charge or discharge counts below the digital filter threshold. The digital filter

threshold is programmed in the EEPROM and should be set sufficiently high to prevent false signal detection

with no charge or discharge flowing through the sense resistor.

Voltage

While monitoring SR1and SR2for charge and discharge currents, the bq2060A monitors the battery-pack

potential and the individual cell voltages through the VCELL1–VCELL4pins. The bq2060A measures the pack

voltage and reports the result in Voltage(). The bq2060A can also measure the voltage of up to four series

elements in a battery pack. The individual cell voltages are stored in the optional Manufacturer Function area.

The VCELL1–VCELL4inputs are divided down from the cells using precision resistors, as shown in Figure 5.

The maximum input for VCELL1–VCELL4is 1.25 V with respect to VSS. The voltage dividers for the inputs must

be set so that the voltages at the inputs do not exceed the 1.25-V limit under all operating conditions. Also, the

divider ratios on VCELL1–VCELL2must be half of that of VCELL3–VCELL4. To reduce current consumption

from the battery, the CVON output may be used to connect the divider to the cells only during measurement

period. CVON is high impedance for 250 ms (12.5% duty cycle) when the cells are measured, and driven low

otherwise (see Table 1).

The SRC input of the bq2060A measures battery charge and discharge current. The SRC ADC input converts

the current signal from the series sense resistor and stores the result in Current(). The full-scale input range to

SBC is limited to ±250 mV as shown in Table 2.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

VCC

ToPack

Protection

Circuitry

VCC

SST113

PACK-

SMBC

SMBD

HDQ

Thermistor

VCC

SCL

SDA

VSS

EEPROM

VCC

LED1

LED2

LED3

LED4

LED5

CFC

DFC

DISP

ESCL

ESDA

THON

VSS

bq2060

REG

VCC

CVON

VCELL4

VCELL3

VCELL2

VCELL1

RBI

SRC

SR2

SR1

SMBC

SMBD

HDQ16

PACK+

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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Figure 5. Battery Pack Application Diagram –LED Display and Series Cell Monitoring

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Table 1. Example VCELL1–VCELL4Divider and Table 2. SRC Input Range

Input Range SENSE RESISTOR FULL-SCALE INPUT

(Ω) (A)

VOLTAGE VOLTAGE FULL-SCALE

INPUT DIVISION RATIO INPUT (V) 0.02 ±12.5

VCELL416 20 0.03 ±8.3

VCELL316 20 0.05 ±5

VCELL28 10 0.1 ±2.5

VCELL18 10

Current

The SRC input of the bq2060A measures battery charge and discharge current. The SRC ADC input converts

the current signal from the series sense resistor and stores the result in Current(). The full-scale input range to

SBC is limited to ±250 mV, as shown in Table 2.

Temperature

The TS input of the bq2060A along with an NTC thermistor measures the battery temperature as shown in

Figure 5. The bq2060A reports temperature in Temperature(). THON may be used to connect the bias source to

the thermistor when the bq2060A samples the TS input. THON is high impedance for 60 ms when the

temperature is measured, and driven low otherwise.

GAS GAUGE OPERATION

General

The operational overview in Figure 6 illustrates the gas gauge operation of the bq2060A. Table 3 and

subsequent text describes the bq2060A registers.

The bq2060A accumulates a measure of charge and discharge currents and estimates self-discharge of the

battery. The bq2060A compensates the charge current measurement for temperature and state-of-charge of the

battery. It also adjusts the self-discharge estimation based on temperature.

The main counter RemainingCapacity()(RM) represents the available capacity or energy in the battery at any

given time. The bq2060A adjusts RM for charge, self-discharge, and leakage compensation factors. The

information in the RM register is accessible through the communications ports and is also represented through

the LED display.

The FullChargeCapacity()(FCC) register represents the last measured full discharge of the battery. It is used as

the battery full-charge reference for relative capacity indication. The bq2060A updates FCC when the battery

undergoes a qualified discharge from nearly full to a low battery level. FCC is accessible through the serial

communications ports.

The Discharge Count Register (DCR) is a non-accessible register that only tracks discharge of the battery. The

bq2060A uses the DCR register to update the FCC register if the battery undergoes a qualified discharge from

nearly full to a low battery level. In this way, the bq2060A learns the true discharge capacity of the battery under

system use conditions.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

Charge

Efficiency

Compensation

Charge

Current

Inputs

Remaining

Capacity

(RM)

Discharge

Current

Temperature

Compensation

Self-Discharge

Timer

− −

≤

Full

Charge

Capacity

(FCC)

Discharge

Count

(DCR)

Qualified

Transfer

Temperature, Other Data

Main Counters and

Capacity Reference (FCC)

Outputs

Chip-Controlled

Available Charge

LED Display

Two-Wire

Serial Port

− ++

Battery Electronics

Load Estimate

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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Figure 6. bq2060A Operational Overview

Table 3. bq2060A Register Functions

COMMAND CODE SMBus

FUNCTION UNITS

ACCESS

SMBus HDQ16

ManufacturerAccess 0x00 0x00 read/write n/a

RemainingCapacityAlarm 0x01 0x01 read/write mAh, 10 mWh

RemainingTimeAlarm 0x02 0x02 read/write minutes

BatteryMode 0x03 0x03 read/write n/a

AtRate 0x04 0x04 read/write mA, 10 mW

AtRateTimeToFull 0x05 0x05 read minutes

AtRateTimeToEmpty 0x06 0x06 read minutes

AtRateOK 0x07 0x07 read Boolean

Temperature 0x08 0x08 read 0.1 K

Voltage 0x09 0x09 read mV

Current 0x0a 0x0a read mA

AverageCurrent 0x0b 0x0b read mA

MaxError 0x0c 0x0c read percent

RelativeStateOfCharge 0x0d 0x0d read percent

AbsoluteStateOfCharge 0x0e 0x0e read percent

RemainingCapacity 0x0f 0x0f read mAh, 10 mWh

FullChargeCapacity 0x10 0x10 read mAh, 10 mWh

RunTimeToEmpty 0x11 0x11 read minutes

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Table 3. bq2060A Register Functions (continued)

COMMAND CODE SMBus

FUNCTION UNITS

ACCESS

SMBus HDQ16

AverageTimeToEmpty 0x12 0x12 read minutes

AverageTimeToFull 0x13 0x13 read minutes

ChargingCurrent 0x14 0x14 read mA

ChargingVoltage 0x15 0x15 read mV

Battery Status 0x16 0x16 read n/a

CycleCount 0x17 0x17 read cycles

DesignCapacity 0x18 0x18 read mAh, 10 mWh

DesignVoltage 0x19 0x19 read mV

SpecificationInfo 0x1a 0x1a read n/a

ManufactureDate 0x1b 0x1b read n/a

SerialNumber 0x1c 0x1c read integer

Reserved 0x1d–0x1f 0x1d–0x1f – –

ManufacturerName 0x20 0x20–0x25 read string

DeviceName 0x21 0x28–0x2b read string

DeviceChemistry 0x22 0x30–0x32 read string

ManufacturerData 0x23 0x38–0x3b read string

Pack Status 0x2f (LSB) 0x2f (LSB) read/write n/a

Pack Configuration 0x2f (MSB) 0x2f (MSB) read/write n/a

VCELL4 0x3c 0x3c read/write mV

VCELL3 0x3d 0x3d read/write mV

VCELL2 0x3e 0x3e read/write mV

VCELL1 0x3f 0x3f read/write mV

MAIN GAS GAUGE REGISTERS

RemainingCapacity() (RM)

RM represents the remaining capacity in the battery. The bq2060A computes RM in either mAh or 10 mWh,

depending on the selected mode.

On initialization, the bq2060A sets RM to 0. RM counts up during charge to a maximum value of FCC and down

during discharge and self-discharge to 0. In addition to charge and self-discharge compensation, the bq2060A

calibrates RM at three low-battery-voltage thresholds, EDV2, EDV1, and EDV0 and three programmable

midrange thresholds VOC25, VOC50, and VOC75. This provides a voltage-based calibration to the RM counter.

DesignCapacity() (DC)

The DC is the user-specified battery full capacity. It is calculated from Pack CapacityEE 0x3a–0x3b and is

represented in mAh or 10 mWh. It also represents the full-battery reference for the absolute display mode.

FullChargeCapacity() (FCC)

FCC is the last measured discharge capacity of the battery. It is represented in either mAh or 10 mWh depending

on the selected mode. On initialization, the bq2060A sets FCC to the value stored in Last Measured Discharge

EE 0x38–0x39. During subsequent discharges, the bq2060A updates FCC with the last measured discharge

capacity of the battery. The last measured discharge of the battery is based on the value in the DCR register

after a qualified discharge occurs. Once updated, the bq2060A writes the new FCC value to EEPROM in mAh to

Last Measured Discharge. FCC represents the full battery reference for the relative display mode and relative

state of charge calculations.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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Discharge Count Register (DCR)

The DCR register counts up during discharge, independent of RM. DCR can continue to count even after RM

has counted down to 0. Prior to RM = 0, discharge activity, light discharge estimation and self-discharge

increment DCR. After RM = 0, only discharge activity increments DCR. The bq2060A initializes DCR to FCC –

RM when FCC-RM is less than twice the programmed value in Near Full EE 0x55. The DCR initial value of

FCC –RM is reduced by FCC/128 if SC = 0 (bit 2 in Control Mode) and is not reduced if SC = 1. DCR stops

counting when the battery voltage reaches the EDV2 threshold on discharge.

Capacity Learning (FCC Update) and Qualified Discharge

The bq2060A updates FCC with an amount based on the value in DCR if a qualified discharge occurs. The new

value for FCC equals the DCR value plus the programmable nearly full and low battery levels, according to the

following equation:

FCC(new) = DCR(final) = DCR(initial) + measured discharge to EDV2 + (FCCxBatteryLow%) (1)

Where:

BatteryLow% = (value stored in EE 0x54) + 2.56

A qualified discharge occurs if the battery discharges from RM ≥FCC - Near Full ×2 to the EDV2 voltage

threshold with the following conditions:

•No valid charge activity occurs during the discharge period. A valid charge is defined as an input of 10 mAh

into the battery.

•No more than 256 mAh of self-discharge and/or light discharge estimation occurs during the discharge period.

•The temperature does not drop below 5°C during the discharge period.

•The battery voltage reaches the EDV2 threshold during the discharge period and the voltage was between

the EDV2 threshold and [EDV2 threshold –256 mV] when the bq2060A detected EDV2.

•No midrange voltage correction occurs during the discharge period.

•No overload condition occurs when voltage ≤EDV2 threshold

FCC cannot be reduced by more than 256 mAh or increased by more than 512 mAh during any single update

cycle. FCC becomes invalid if it is initialized or updated to a value less then 256 mAH. FCC becomes invalid if it

is initialized or updated to a value less than 256 mAH. The bq2060A saves the new FCC value to the EEPROM

within 4 s of being updated.

End-of-Discharge Thresholds and Capacity Correction

The bq2060A monitors the battery for three low-voltage thresholds, EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2. The EDV

thresholds are programmed in EDVF/EDV0 EE 0x72–0x73, EMF/EDV1EE 0x74–0x75, and EDV C1/C0 Factor

/EDV2 EE 0x78–0x79. If the CEDV bit in Pack Configuration is set, automatic EDV compensation is enabled, and

the bq2060A computes the EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2 thresholds based on the values in EE 0x72–0x7d, 0x06,

and the battery load current, temperature, capacity, and cycle count. The bq2060A disables EDV detection if

Current() exceeds the Overload Current threshold programmed in EE 0x46–EE 0x47. The bq2060A resumes

EDV threshold detection after the Current() drops below the overload current threshold. Any EDV threshold

detected is reset after 10 mAh of charge is applied.

The bq2060A uses the thresholds to apply voltage-based corrections to the RM register according to Table 4.

Table 4. State of Charge Based on Low Battery

Voltage

THRESHOLD STATE OF CHARGE IN RM

EDV0 0%

EDV1 3%

EDV2 Battery Low %

The bq2060A adjusts RM as it detects each threshold. If the voltage threshold is reached before the

corresponding capacity on discharge, the bq2060A reduces RM to the appropriate amount as shown in Table 4.

If RM reaches the capacity level before the voltage threshold is reached on discharge, the bq2060A prevents RM

from decreasing until the battery voltage reaches the corresponding threshold, but only on a full learning-cycle

discharge (VDQ = 1). The EDV1 threshold is ignored if Miscellaneous Options bit 7 = 1.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

640 x 13500

Self-DischargeUpdateTime = seconds

256 x n x (Y% per day)

640 135000

256 n (Y% per day) +6750 seconds

bq2060A

www.ti.com

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Self-Discharge

The bq2060A estimates the self-discharge of the battery to maintain an accurate measure of the battery capacity

during periods of inactivity. The algorithm for self-discharge estimation takes a programmed estimate for the

expected self-discharge rate at 25°C stored in EEPROM and makes a fixed reduction to RM of an amount equal

to RemainingCapacity()/256. The bq2060A makes the fixed reduction at a varying time interval that is adjusted to

achieve the desired self-discharge rate. This method maintains a constant granularity of 0.39% for each

self-discharge adjustment, which may be performed multiple times per day, instead of once per day with a

potentially large reduction.

The self-discharge estimation rate for 25°C is doubled for each 10 degrees above 25°C or halved for each 10

degrees below 25°C. The following table shows the relation of the self-discharge estimation at a given

temperature to the rate programmed for 25°C (Y% per day):

TEMPERATURE( C) SELF-DISCHARGE RATE

Temp <10 1/4Y% per day

10 ≤Temp <20 ½Y% per day

20 ≤Temp <30 Y% per day

30 ≤Temp <40 2Y% per day

40 ≤Temp <50 4Y% per day

50 ≤Temp <60 8Y% per day

60 ≤Temp <70 16Y% per day

70 ≤Temp 32Y% per day

The interval at which RM is reduced is given by the following equation, where n is the appropriate factor of 2 (n =

1/4,1/2,1,2...):

(2)

The timer that keeps track of the self-discharge update time is halted whenever charge activity is detected. The

timer is reset to zero if the bq2060A reaches the RemainingCapacity()=FullChargeCapacity() condition while

charging.

Example:IfT=35°C (n = 2) and programmed self-discharge rate Y is 2.5 (2.5% per day at 25°C), the bq2060A

reduces RM by RM/256 (0.39%) every

(3)

This means that a 0.39% reduction of RM is made 12.8 times per day to achieve the desired 5% per day

reduction at 35°C.

Figure 7 illustrates how the self-discharge estimate algorithm adjusts RemainingCapacity() vs. temperature.

Light Discharge or Suspend Current Compensation

The bq2060A can be configured in two ways to compensate for small discharge currents that produce a signal

below the digital filter. First, the bq2060A can decrement RM and DCR at a rate determined by the value stored

in Light Discharge Current EE 0x2b when it detects no discharge activity and the SMBC and SMBD lines are

high. Light Discharge Current has a range of 44 µA to 11.2 mA.

Alternatively, the bq2060A can be configured to disable the digital filter for discharge when the SMBC and SMBD

lines are high. In this way, the digital filter does not mask the leakage current signal. The bq2060A is configured

in this mode by setting the NDF bit in Control Mode.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

t − Time − days

600

400

200

0 10 20 30

Capacity − mAh

800

1200

40 50 60

1000

070

15°C

25°C

35°C

45°C

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

www.ti.com

Figure 7. Self-Discharge at 2.5%/Day at 25°C

Midrange Capacity Corrections

The bq2060A applies midrange capacity corrections when the VCOR bit is set in Pack Configuration. The

bq2060A adjusts RM to the associated percentage at three different voltage levels VOC25, VOC50, and VOC75.

The VOC values represent the open-circuit battery voltage at which RM corresponds to the associated state of

charge for each threshold.

THRESHOLD ASSOCIATED STATE OF CHARGE

VOC25 25%

VOC50 50%

VOC75 75%

For the midrange corrections to occur, the temperature must be in the range of 19°C to 31°C inclusive and the

Current() and AverageCurrent() must both be between –64 mA and 0. For a correction to occur, the bq2060A

must also detect the need for correction during two adjacent measurements separated by 20 s. The second

measurement is not required if the first measurement occurs immediately after a device reset. The bq2060A

makes midrange corrections as shown in Table 5.

Charge Control

Charging Voltage and Current Broadcasts

The bq2060A supports SBS charge control by broadcasting the ChargingCurrent() and ChargingVoltage() to the

Smart Charger address. The bq2060A broadcasts the requests every 10 s. The bq2060A updates the values

used in the charging current and voltage broadcasts based on the battery state of charge, voltage, and

temperature. The fast-charge rate is programmed in Fast-Charging Current EE 0x1a–0x1b while the charge

voltage is programmed in Charging Voltage EE 0x0a–0x0b.

The bq2060A internal charge control is compatible with popular rechargeable chemistries. The primary

charge-termination techniques include a change in temperature over a change in time (ΔT/Δt) and current taper,

for nickel-based and Li-ion chemistries, respectively. The bq2060A also provides pre-charge qualification and a

number of safety charge suspensions based on current, voltage, temperature, and state of charge.

Alarm Broadcasts to Smart Charger and Host

If any of the bits 8–15 in BatteryStatus() is set, the bq2060A broadcasts an AlarmWarning() message to the host

address. If any of the bits 12–15 in BatteryStatus() is set, the bq2060A also sends an AlarmWarning() message

to the Smart Charger address. The bq2060A repeats the AlarmWarning() message every 10 s until the bits are

cleared.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Pre-Charge Qualification

The bq2060A sets ChargingCurrent() to the pre-charge rate as programmed in Pre-Charge Current EE

0x1e–0x1f under the following conditions:

•Voltage: The bq2060A requests the pre-charge charge rate when Voltage() drops below the EDV0 threshold

(compensated or fixed EDVs). Once requested, a pre-charge rate remains until Voltage() increases above the

EDVF threshold. The bq2060A also broadcasts the pre-charge value immediately after a device reset until

Voltage() is above the EDVF threshold. This threshold is programmed in EDVF/EDV0 EE 0x72–0x73.

•Temperature: The bq2060A requests the pre-charge rate when Temperature() is between 0°C and 5°C.

Temperature() must rise above 5°C before the bq2060A requests the fast-charge rate.

Charge Suspension

The bq2060A may temporarily suspend charge if it detects a charging fault. A charging fault includes the

following conditions.

•Overcurrent: An overcurrent condition exists when the bq2060A measures the charge current to be more

than the Overcurrent Margin above the ChargingCurrent(). Overcurrent Margin is programmed in EE 0x49.

On detecting an overcurrent condition, the bq2060A sets the ChargingCurrent() to zero and sets the

TERMINATE_CHARGE_ALARM bit in BatteryStatus(). The overcurrent condition and TERMINATE_

CHARGE_ALARM are cleared when the measured current drops below the ChargingCurrent plus the

Overcurrent Margin.

•Overvoltage: An overvoltage condition exists when the bq2060A measures the battery voltage to be more

than the Overvoltage Margin above the ChargingVoltage() or a Li-ion cell voltage has exceeded the

overvoltage limit programmed in Cell Under-/Overvoltage. Overvoltage Margin is programmed in EE 0x48 and

Cell Under-/Overvoltage in EE 0x4a. On detecting an overvoltage condition, the bq2060A sets the

ChargingCurrent() to zero and sets the TERMINATE_CHARGE_ALARM bit in BatteryStatus(). The bq2060A

clears the TERMINATE_ CHARGE_ALARM bit when it detects that the battery is no longer being charged

(DISCHARGING bit set in BatteryStatus()). The bq2060A continues to broadcast zero charging current until

the overvoltage condition is cleared. The overvoltage condition is cleared when the measured battery voltage

drops below the ChargingVoltage() plus the Overvoltage Margin or when the CVOV bit is reset.

•Overtemperature: An overtemperature condition exists when Temperature() is greater than or equal to the

MaxT value programmed in EE 0x45 (most significant nibble). On detecting an overtemperature condition, the

bq2060A sets the ChargingCurrent() to zero and sets the OVER_TEMP_ALARM and

TERMINATE_CHARGE_ ALARM bit in BatteryStatus() and the CVOV bit in Pack Status. The

overtemperature condition is cleared when Temperature() is equal to or below (MaxT –5°C). The

temperature set by MaxT is increased by 16°C if bit 5 in Miscellaneous Options is set.

•Overcharge: An overcharge condition exists if the battery is charged more than the Maximum Overcharge

value after RM = FCC. Maximum Overcharge is programmed in EE 0x2e–0x2f. On detecting an overcharge

condition, the bq2060A sets the ChargingCurrent() to zero and sets the OVER_CHARGED_ALARM,

TERMINATE_CHARGE_ ALARM, and FULLY_CHARGED bits in BatteryStatus(). The bq2060A clears the

OVER_ CHARGED_ALARM and TERMINATE_CHARGE_ ALARM when it detects that the battery is no

longer being charged. The FULLY_CHARGED bit remains set and the bq2060A continues to broadcast zero

charging current until RelativeStateOfCharge() is less than Fully Charged Clear% programmed in EE 0x4c.

The counter used to track overcharge capacity is reset with 2 mAh of discharge.

•Undertemperature: An undertemperature condition exists if Temperature() <0°C. On detecting an under

temperature condition, the bq2060A sets ChargingCurrent() to zero. The bq2060A sets ChargingCurrent() to

the appropriate pre-charge rate or fast-charge rate when Temperature() ≥0°C.

Table 5. Midrange Corrections

CONDITION RESULT

≥VOC75 and RelativeStateOfCharge() ≤63% RelativeStateOfCharge()→75%

<VOC75 and RelativeStateOfCharge() ≥87% RelativeStateOfCharge()→75%

≥VOC50 and RelativeStateOfCharge() ≤38% RelativeStateOfCharge()→50%

Voltage() <VOC50 and RelativeStateOfCharge() ≥62% RelativeStateOfCharge()→50%

≥VOC25 and RelativeStateOfCharge() ≤13% RelativeStateOfCharge()→25%

<VOC25 and RelativeStateOfCharge() ≥37% RelativeStateOfCharge()→25%

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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Primary Charge Termination

The bq2060A terminates charge if it detects a charge-termination condition. A charge-termination condition

includes the following.

• ΔT/Δt:For ΔT/Δt, the bq2060A detects a change in temperature over many seconds. The ΔT/Δt setting is

programmable in both the temperature step, DeltaT (1.6°C–4.6°C), and the time step, DeltaT Time

(20 s –320 s). Typical settings for 1°C/minute include 2°C/120 s and 3°C/180 s. Longer times are required for

increased slope resolution. The DeltaT value is programmed in EE 0x45 (least significant nibble) and the

Delta T Time in EE 0x4e.

In addition to the ΔT/Δt timer, a holdoff timer starts when the battery is being charged at more than 255

mA and the temperature is above 25°C. Until this timer expires, ΔT/Δt detection is suspended. If Current()

drops below 256 mA or Temperature() below 25°C, the holdoff timer resets and restarts only when the

current and temperature conditions are met again. The holdoff timer is programmable (20 s –320 s) with

Holdoff Time value in EE 0x4f.

•Current Taper: For current taper, ChargingVoltage() must be set to the pack voltage desired during the

constant-voltage phase of charging. The bq2060A detects a current taper termination when the pack voltage

is greater than the voltage determined by Current Taper Qual Voltage in EE 0x4f and the charging current is

below a threshold determined by Current Taper Threshold in EE 0x4e, for at least 80 s. The bq2060A uses

the VFC to measure current for current taper termination. The current must also remain above 0.5625/RSmA

to qualify the termination condition.

Once the bq2060A detects a primary charge termination, it sets the TERMINATE_CHARGE_ALARM and

FULLY_CHARGED bits in BatteryStatus(), and sets the ChargingCurrent() to the maintenance charge rate as

programmed in Maintenance Charging Current EE 0x1c–0x1d. On termination, the bq2060A also sets RM to a

programmed percentage of FCC, provided that RelativeStateOfCharge() is below the desired percentage of FCC

and the CSYNC bit in Pack Configuration EE 0x3f is set. The programmed percentage of FCC, Fast Charge

Termination %, is set in EE 0x4b. The bq2060A clears the FULLY_CHARGED bit when RelativeStateOfCharge()

is less than the programmed Fully Charged Clear %. The bq2060A broadcasts the fast-charge rate when the

FULLY_CHARGED bit is cleared and voltage and temperature permit. The bq2060A clears the

TERMINATE_CHARGE_ALARM when it no longer detects that the battery is being charged or it no longer

detects the termination condition. See Table 6 for a summary of BatteryStatus() alarm and status bit operation.

Display Port

General

The display port drives a 4- or 5-LED bar-graph display. The display is activated by a logic signal on the DISP

input. The bq2060A can display RM in either a relative or absolute mode with each LED representing a

percentage of the full-battery reference. In relative mode, the bq2060A uses FCC as the full-battery reference; in

absolute mode, it uses DC.

The DMODE bit in Pack Configuration programs the bq2060A for the absolute or relative display mode. The LED

bit in Control Mode programs the 4- or 5-LED option. A 5th LED can be used with the 4-LED display option to

show when the battery capacity is ≥to 100%.

Activation

The display may be activated at any time by a high-to-low transition on the DISP input. This is usually

accomplished with a pullup resistor and a pushbutton switch. Detection of the transition activates the display and

starts a 4-s display timer. The timer expires and turns off the display whether DISP was brought low momentarily

or held low indefinitely. Reactivation of the display requires that the DISP input return to a logic-high state and

then transition low again. The second high-to-low transition must occur after the display timer expires. The

bq2060A requires the DISP input to remain stable for a minimum of 250 ms to detect the logic state.

If the EDV0 bit is set, the bq2060A disables the LED display. The display is also disabled during a VFC

calibration and should be turned off before entering low-power storage mode.

Display Modes

In relative mode, each LED output represents 20% or 25% of the RelativeStateOfCharge() value. In absolute

mode, each LED output represents 20% or 25% of the AbsoluteStateOfCharge() value. Table 7 and Table 8

show the display operation.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

In either mode, the bq2060A blinks the LED display if RemainingCapacity() is less than Remaining

CapacityAlarm(). The display is disabled if EDV0 = 1.

Secondary Protection for Li-ion

The bq2060A has two pins, CFC and DFC, that can be used for secondary override control of a Li-ion protector

or for blowing a fuse to disable the battery pack. The CFC pin is the Charge FET Control pin for secondary

protector control or for blowing a fuse. The DFC pin is the Discharge FET Control pin for secondary protector

control. Discharge current can cause an override of the CFC control, and charge current can cause an override

of the DFC control. The CVOV, CVUV, and the true logic state of the CFC and DFC pins can be read in the

lower nibble of Pack Status.

The CVOV status flag is set if Voltage() ≥ChargingVoltage() + Overvoltage Margin, any VCELL voltage ≥Cell

Overvoltage threshold, or if Temperature() ≥MaxT. When CVOV = 1 and Miscellaneous Options bit 6 = 0, the

CFC pin is pulled low unless the DISCHARGING bit in BatteryStatus() is set. If Temperature >Safety

Overtemperature threshold, then it is pulled low even if the Discharging bit in BatteryStatus() is set.

The formula for this description is:

CFC = SOT

CVOV + DSG + MISC OPTION BIT 6

If Miscellaneous Options bit 6 = 1, the CFC pin is pulled low only if Temperature() >Safety Overtemperature

threshold.

Table 6. Alarm and Status Bit Summary(1)

CC() = FAST OR PRECHARGE

CC() STATE AND

BATTERY STATE CONDITIONS CURRENT AND/OR

BatteryStatus BIT SET BITS CLEARED

Overcurrent C() ≥CC() +Overcurrent Margin CC() = 0, TCA = 1 C() <CC() + Overcurrent Margin

TCA = 1 DISCHARGING = 1

V() ≥CV() + Overvoltage Margin

Overvoltage V() <CV() + Overvoltage Margin

VCELL1, 2, 3, or 4 >Cell Over Voltage CC() = 0, CVOV = 1 Li-ion cell voltage ≤Cell Over Voltage

CC() = 0, OTA = 1,

Over temperature T() ≥MaxT T() ≤MaxT –5°C or T() ≤43°C

TCA = 1, CVOV = 1

Capacity added after CC() = 0, FC = 1 RSOC() <Fully Charged Cleared %

Overcharge RM() = FCC() ≥OCA = 1, TCA = 1 DISCHARGING = 1

Maximum Overcharge 0°C≤T() <5°C,

CC() = Pre-Charge Current;

Undertemperature T() <0°C CC() = 0 T() ≥5°C,

CC() = Fast-Charging Current

CC() = Maintenance

Charging Current, RSOC() <Fully Charged Cleared %

Fast-charge FC = 1

ΔT/Δt or Current Taper

termination DISCHARGING = 1 or termination

TCA = 1 condition is no longer valid.

V() ≤EDV2 or

Fully discharged FD = 1 RSOC() >20%

RM() <FCC() *Battery Low%

V() ≤EDV0 TDA = 1 V() >EDV0

VCELL1, 2, 3 or 4 <Cell

Overdischarged TDA = 1, CVUV = 1 VCELL1, 2, 3, or 4 ≥Cell Under Voltage

Under Voltage

RM() = 0 TDA = 1 RM() >0

Low capacity RM() <RCA() RCA = 1 RM() ≥RCA()

Low run-time ATTE() <RTA() RTA = 1 ATTE() ≥RTA()

(1) C() = Current(), CV() = ChargingVoltage(), CC() = ChargingCurrent(), V() = Voltage(), T() = Temperature(), TCA =

TERMINATE_CHARGE_ALARM, OTA = OVER_TEMPERATURE_ALARM, OCA = OVER_CHARGED_ALARM, TDA =

TERMINATE_DISCHARGE_ALARM, FC = FULLY_CHARGED, FD = FULLY_DISCHARGED, RSOC() = RelativeStateOfCharge(). RM()

= RemainingCapacity(), RCA = REMAINING_CAPACITY_ALARM, RTA = REMAINING_TIME_ALARM, ATTE() =

AverageTimeToEmpty(), RTA() = RemainingTimeAlarm(), RCA() = RemainingCapacityAlarm(), FCC() = FullChargeCapacity().

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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Table 7. 5-LED Display Mode

5-LED Display Option

Condition Relative or Absolute

StateOfCharge() LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 LED5

EDV0 = 1 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF

<20% ON OFF OFF OFF OFF

≤20%, <40% ON ON OFF OFF OFF

≤40%, <60% ON ON ON OFF OFF

≤60%, <80% ON ON ON ON OFF

≤80% ON ON ON ON ON

Table 8. 4-LED Display Mode

4-LED Display Option

Condition Relative or Absolute

StateOfCharge() LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4

EDV0 = 1 OFF OFF OFF OFF

<25% ON OFF OFF OFF

≤25%, <50% ON ON OFF OFF

≤50%, <75% ON ON ON OFF

≤75% ON ON ON ON

The CVUV status flag is set if any VCELL voltage <Cell Undervoltage threshold. When CVUV = 1, the DFC pin

is pulled low unless DISCHARGING bit in BatteryStatus() is clear (not set).

Cell Undervoltage and Cell Overvoltage limits may be programmed in the upper and lower nibbles of EE 0x4a.

Safety Overtemperature threshold may be programmed in EE 0x09, and Miscellaneous Options is programmed

in EE 0x08.

Low-Power Storage Mode

The bq2060A enters low-power mode 5 s to 8 s after receiving the Enable Low-Power command. In this mode,

the bq2060A consumes less than 10 µA. A rising edge on SMBC, SMBD, or HDQ16 restores the bq2060A to the

full operating mode. The bq2060A does not perform any gas gauge functions during low-power storage mode.

Device Reset

The bq2060A can be reset when power is applied or by commands over the HDQ16 or SMBus. On reset, the

bq2060A initializes its internal registers with the information contained in the configuration EEPROM. The

following command sequence initiates a full bq2060A reset:

Write 0xff5a to address 0x4f

Write 0x0000 to address 0x7d

Write 0x0080 to address 0x7d

A partial reset of the bq2060A occurs if step 1 is omitted and all check-byte values previously loaded into RAM

are still correct. All initial RAM values are read from EEPROM for both full and partial resets. A full reset

initializes MaxError = 100%, sets RELEARN_FLAG (bit 7) = 1 in Battery Mode, and initializes RM from EE

0x2c–2d (should be zero for rechargeable batteries). A partial reset leaves MaxError, RELEARN_FLAG, and RM

unchanged. The bq2060A delays reading the EEPROM for 700 ms after all resets to allow settling time for VCC.

COMMUNICATION

The bq2060A includes two types of communication ports: SMBus and HDQ16. The SMBus interface is a 2-wire

bidirectional protocol using the SMBC (clock) and SMBD (data) pins. The HDQ16 interface is a 1-wire

bidirectional protocol using the HDQ16 pin. All three communication lines are isolated from VCC and may be

pulled up higher than VCC. Also, the bq2060A does not pull these lines low if VCC to the part is zero. HDQ16

should be pulled down with a 100-kΩresistor if not used.

The communication ports allow a host controller, an SMBus compatible device, or other processor to access the

memory registers of the bq2060A. In this way, a system can efficiently monitor and manage the battery.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

SMBus

The SMBus interface is a command-based protocol. A processor acting as the bus master initiates

communication to the bq2060A by generating a START condition. A START condition consists of a high-to-low

transition of the SMBD line while the SMBC is high. The processor then sends the bq2060A device address of

0001011 (bits 7–1) plus a R/W bit (bit 0) followed by an SMBus command code. The R/W bit and the command

code instruct the bq2060A to either store the forthcoming data to a register specified by the SMBus command

code or output the data from the specified register. The processor completes the access with a STOP condition.

A STOP condition consists of a low-to-high transition of the SMBD line while the SMBC is high. With SMBus, the

most significant bit of a data byte is transmitted first.

In some instances, the bq2060A acts as the bus master. This occurs when the bq2060A broadcasts charging

requirements and alarm conditions to device addresses 0x12 (SBS Smart Charger) and 0x10 (SBS Host

Controller.)

SMBus Protocol

The bq2060A supports the following SMBus protocols:

•Read Word

•Write Word

•Read Block

A processor acting as the bus master uses the three protocols to communicate with the bq2060A. The bq2060A

acting as the bus master uses the Write Word protocol.

The SMBD and SMBC pins are open drain and require external pullup resistors.

SMBus Packet Error Checking

The bq2060A supports Packet Error Checking as a mechanism to confirm proper communication between it and

another SMBus device. Packet Error Checking requires that both the transmitter and receiver calculate a Packet

Error Code (PEC) for each communication message. The device that supplies the last byte in the communication

message appends the PEC to the message. The receiver compares the transmitted PEC to its PEC result to

determine if there is a communication error.

PEC Protocol

The bq2060A can receive or transmit data with or without PEC. Figure 9 shows the communication protocol for

the Read Word, Write Word, and Read Block messages without PEC. Figure 8 includes PEC.

In the Write Word protocol, the bq2060A receives the PEC after the last byte of data from the host. If the host

does not support PEC, the last byte of data is followed by a STOP condition. After receipt of the PEC, the

bq2060A compares the value to its calculation. If the PEC is correct, the bq2060A responds with an

ACKNOWLEDGE. If it is not correct, the bq2060A responds with a NOT ACKNOWLEDGE and sets an error

code.

In the Read Word and Block Read, the host generates an ACKNOWLEDGE after the last byte of data sent by

the bq2060A. The bq2060A then sends the PEC and the host acting as a master receiver generates a NOT

ACKNOWLEDGE and a STOP condition.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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PEC Calculation

The basis of the PEC calculation is an 8-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC-8) based on the polynomial C(X) =

X8+X2+X1+1. The PEC calculation includes all bytes in the transmission, including address, command, and data.

The PEC calculation does not include ACKNOWLEDGE, NOT ACKNOWLEDGE, START, STOP, and Repeated

START bits.

For example, the host requests RemainingCapacity() from the bq2060A. This includes the host following the

Read Word protocol. The bq2060A calculates the PEC based on the following 5 bytes of data, assuming the

remaining capacity of the battery is 1001 mAh.

•Battery Address with R/W= 0: 0x16

•Command Code for RemainingCapacity(): 0x0f

•Battery Address with R/W= 1: 0x17

•RemainingCapacity(): 0x03e9

For 0x160f17e903, the bq2060A transmits a PEC of 0xe8 to the host.

PEC Enable in Master Mode

PEC for master mode broadcasts to the charger, host, or both can be enabled/disabled with the combination of

the bits HPE and CPE in Control Mode.

SMBus On and Off State

The bq2060A detects whether the SMBus enters the Off State by monitoring the SMBC and SMBD lines. When

both signals are continually low for at least 2.5 s, the bq2060A detects the Off State. When the SMBC and

SMBD lines go high, the bq2060A detects the On State and can begin communication within 1 ms. One-MΩ

pulldown resistors on SMBC and SMBD are recommended for reliable Off State detection.

HDQ16

The HDQ16 interface is a command-based protocol. (See Figure 10.) A processor sends the command code to

the bq2060A. The 8-bit command code consists of two fields, the 7-bit HDQ16 command code (bits 0–6) and the

1-bit R/W field. The R/W field directs the bq2060A either to

•Store the next 16 bits of data to a specified register or

•Output 16 bits of data from the specified register

With HDQ16, the least significant bit of a data byte (command) or word (data) is transmitted first.

A bit transmission consists of three distinct sections. The first section starts the transmission by either the host or

the bq2060A taking the HDQ16 pin to a logic-low state for a period tSTRH;B. The next section is the actual data

transmission, where the data bit is valid by the time, tDSU;B after the negative edge used to start communication.

The data bit is held for a period tDH;DV to allow the host processor or bq2060A to sample the data bit.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

ÎÎÎ

ÎÎ

ÎÎÎ

ÎÎÎÎÎ

ÎÎÎ

ÎÎ

ÎÎÎÎÎÎ

ÎÎÎÎÎ

SBattery Address

0001011 0 A Command Code AData Byte Low AData Byte High A P

11818181171

SBattery Address

0001011 0 A Command Code ABattery Address A1

117181171

818

Data Byte Low Data Byte High

S 0 A Command Code ABattery Address A1

117181171

A A

1818

Byte Count = N Data Byte 1 A A

1818

PData Byte 2 Data Byte N

ÎÎ

Host Processor

Block Read

Read Word

Write W ord

A − ACKNOWLEDGE

A − NOT ACKNOWLEDGE

S − ST ART

P − STOP

Battery Address

0001011

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Figure 8. SMBus Communication Protocol without PEC

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

ÎÎ

ÎÎÎÎÎ

ÎÎÎÎÎÎ

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ÎÎÎÎÎ

SBattery Address

0001011 0 A Command Code AData Byte Low PECA Data Byte High A A P

81 11818181171

SBattery Address

0001011 0 A Command Code ABattery Address A1

117181171

1 1 18 818

PData Byte Low Data Byte High PEC

SBattery Address

0001011 0ACommand Code ABattery Address A1

117181171

A A

1818

Byte Count = N Data Byte 1 A A

1818

A PData Byte 2 Data Byte N PEC

8 1 1

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Host Processor

Block Read

Read Word

Write W ord

A − ACKNOWLEDGE

A − NOT ACKNOWLEDGE

S − ST ART

P − STOP

A A

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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Figure 9. SMBus Communication Protocol with PEC

The final section is used to stop the transmission by returning the HDQ16 pin to a logic-high state by at least the

time tSSU;B after the negative edge used to start communication. The final logic-high state should be until a period

tCYCH;B to allow time to ensure that the bit transmission was stopped properly.

If a communication error occurs (e.g., tCYCB >250 µs), the host sends the bq2060A a BREAK to reinitiate the

serial interface. The bq2060A detects a BREAK when the HDQ16 pin is in a logic-low state for a time tBor

greater. The HDQ16 pin is then returned to its normal ready-high logic state for a time tBR. The bq2060A is then

ready to receive a command from the host processor.

The HDQ16 pin is open drain and requires an external pullup resistor.

Command Codes

The SMBus Command Codes are in ( ), the HDQ16 in [ ]. Temperature(), Voltage(), Current(), and

AverageCurrent(), performance specifications are at regulated VCC(VRO) and a temperature of 0–70°C.

ManufacturerAccess() (0x00); [0x00–0x01]

Description: This function provides writable command codes to control the bq2060A during normal operation

and pack manufacture. These commands can be ignored if sent within one second after a device reset. The

following list of commands are available.

0x0618 Enable Low-Power Storage Mode: Activates the low-power storage mode. The bq2060A enters the

storage mode after a 5-s to 8-s delay. The bq2060A accepts other commands to Manufacturer Access() during

the delay before entering low-power storage mode. The LEDs must be off before entering the low-power storage

mode as the display state remains unchanged. During the delay following the low-power storage command, a

VFC Calibration command may be issued.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

Break

HDQ Command Code

Send Host to bq2060A Send Host to bq2060A or

Receive From bq2060A

16-Bit Data tRR

R/W

MSB

Bit 7

LSB

Bit 0

Start-Bit Stop-Bit

Address-Bit/

Data-Bit

tRSPS

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

The bq2060A clears the ManufacturerAccess() command within 900 ms of acknowledging the Enable Low-Power

Storage command. The VFC Calibration command may be sent 900–5000 ms after SMBus acknowledgment of

the Enable Low-Power Storage command. In this case, the bq2060A delays entering storage mode until the

calibration process completes and the bq2060A stores the new calibration values in EEPROM.

0x062b SEAL: Instructs the bq2060A to restrict access to those functions listed in Table 3. The bq2060A

completes the seal function and clears ManufacturerAccess() within 900 ms of acknowledging the command.

0x064d Charge Synchronization: Instructs the bq2060A to update RM to a percentage of FCC as defined in

Fast Charge Termination %. The bq2060A updates RM and clears Manufacturer Access() within 900 ms of

acknowledging the command.

0x0653 Enable VFC Calibration: Instructs the unsealed bq2060A to begin VFC calibration. With this command,

the bq2060A deselects the SR1and SR2inputs and calibrates for IC offset only. It is best to avoid charge or

discharge currents through the sense resistor during this calibration process.

0x067e Alternate VFC Calibration: Instructs the unsealed bq2060A to begin VFC calibration. With this

command, the bq2060A does not deselect the SR1and SR2inputs and does calibrate for IC and PCB offset. Any

charge or discharge currents during this procedure result in an invalid VFC offset calibration and inaccurate VFC

operation.

During VFC calibration, the bq2060A disables the LED display and accepts only the Stop VFC Calibration and

the SEAL commands to ManufacturerAccess(). The bq2060A disregards all other commands. SMBus

communication should be kept to a minimum during VFC calibration to reduce the noise level and allow a more

accurate calibration.

Once started, the VFC calibration procedure completes automatically. When complete, the bq2060A saves the

calibration values in EEPROM. The calibration normally takes about 8 to 10 minutes. The calibration time is

inversely proportional to the bq2060A VFC (and PCB) offset error. The bq2060A caps the calibration time at one

hour in the event of calibrating zero offset error. The VFC calibration can be done as the last step in a battery

pack test procedure because the calibration can complete automatically after removal from a test setup.

The bq2060A clears ManufacturerAccess() within 900 ms and starts calibration within 3.2 s of acknowledging the

command.

0x0660 Stop VFC Calibration: Instructs the bq2060A to abort a VFC calibration procedure. If aborted, the

bq2060A disables offset correction. The bq2060A stops calibration within 20 ms of acknowledging the command.

0x0606 Program EEPROM: Instructs the unsealed bq2060A to connect the SMBus to the EEPROM I2C bus.

The bq2060A applies power to the EEPROM within 900 ms of acknowledging the command. After issuing the

program EEPROM command, the bq2060A monitoring functions are disabled until the I2C bus is disconnected.

The bq2060A disconnects the I2C bus when it detects that the battery address 0x16 is sent over the SMBus. The

battery address 0x16 to disconnect the I2C bus should not be sent until 10 ms after the last write to the

EEPROM.

Figure 10. HDQ16 Communication Example

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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Example:The following sequence of actions is an example of how to use the ManufacturerAccess() commands

in an efficient manner to take a battery pack that has completed all testing and calibration except for VFC

calibration and to make it ready for shipment in the SEALED state and in low-power storage mode:

•Complete testing and calibration with desired final values stored in EEPROM. This process includes setting

the SEAL bit in Pack Configuration. Sending a reset command to the bq2060A during test ensures that RAM

values correspond to the final EEPROM values

•If the initial value of RemainingCapacity() must be non-zero, the desired value may be written to Command

0x26 with the pack unsealed. A reset sent after this step resets RM to zero.

•Issue the Enable Low-Power Storage Mode command.

•Within 900 ms to 1600 ms after sending the Enable Low-Power command, issue the Enable VFC Calibration

command. This delays the low-power storage mode until after VFC calibration completion.

•Issue the SEAL Command subsequent to the VFC Calibration command. The bq2060A must receive the

SEAL Command before VFC calibration completes. The bq2060A resets the OCE bit in Pack Status when

calibration begins and sets the bit when calibration successfully completes.

After VFC calibration completes automatically, the bq2060A saves the VFC offset cancellation values in

EEPROM and enters the low-power storage mode in about 20 s. In addition, the bq2060A is sealed, allowing

access as defined in Table 3 only.

Purpose: The ManufacturerAccess() function provides the system host access to bq2060A functions that are not

defined by the SBD.

SMBus Protocol: Read or Write Word

Input/Output: Word

RemainingCapacityAlarm() (0x01); [0x01]

Description: Sets or gets the low-capacity threshold value. Whenever the RemainingCapacity() falls below the

low-capacity value, the bq2060A sends AlarmWarning() messages to the SMBus Host with the

REMAINING_CAPACITY_ALARM bit set. A low-capacity value of 0 disables this alarm. The bq2060A initially

sets the low-capacity value to Remaining Capacity Alarm value programmed in EE 0x04–0x05. The low-capacity

value remains unchanged until altered by the RemainingCapacityAlarm() function. The low-capacity value may

be expressed in either current (mA) or power (10 mWh) depending on the setting of the BatteryMode()

CAPACITY_MODE bit.

Purpose: The RemainingCapacityAlarm() function can be used by systems that know how much power they

require to save their operating state. It enables those systems to more finely control the point at which they

transition into suspend or hibernate state. The low-capacity value can be read to verify the value in use by the

bq2060 low-capacity alarm.

SMBus Protocol: Read or Write Word

Input/Output: Unsigned integer—value below which Low Capacity messages are sent.

BATTERY MODES

CAPACITY_MODE CAPACITY_MODE

BIT = 0 BIT = 1

Units mAh at C/5 10 mWh at P/5

Range 0–65,535 mAh 0–65,535 10 mWh

Granularity Not applicable

Accuracy See RemainingCapacity()

RemainingTimeAlarm() (0x02); [0x02]

Description: Sets or gets the remaining time alarm value. Whenever the AverageTimeToEmpty() falls below the

remaining time value, the bq2060A sends AlarmWarning() messages to the SMBus Host with the

REMAINING_TIME_ALARM bit set. A remaining time value of 0 effectively disables this alarm. The bq2060A

initially sets the remaining time value to the Remaining Time Alarm value programmed in EE 0x02–0x03. The

remaining time value remains unchanged until altered by the RemainingTimeAlarm() function.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Purpose: The RemainingTimeAlarm() function can be used by systems that want to adjust when the remaining

time alarm warning is sent. The remaining time value can be read to verify the value in use by the bq2060

RemainingTimeAlarm().

SMBus Protocol: Read or Write Word

Input/Output:

Unsigned integer—the point below which remaining time messages are sent.

Units: minutes

Range: 0 to 65,535 minutes

Granularity: Not applicable

Accuracy: see AverageTimeToEmpty()

BatteryMode() (0x03); [0x03]

Description: This function selects the various battery operational modes and reports the battery mode and

requests.

Defined modes include

•Whether the battery capacity information is specified in mAh or 10 mWh (CAPACITY_MODE bit)

•Whether the ChargingCurrent() and ChargingVoltage() values are broadcast to the Smart Battery Charger

when the bq2060A detects that the battery requires charging (CHARGER_MODE bit)

•Whether all broadcasts to the Smart Battery Charger and Host are disabled

The defined request condition is the battery requesting a conditioning cycle (RELEARN_FLAG).

Purpose:

The CAPACITY_MODE bit allows power management systems to best match their electrical characteristics with

those reported by the battery. For example, a switching power supply represents a constant power load, whereas

a linear supply is better represented by a constant current model. The CHARGER_MODE bit allows a SMBus

Host or Smart Battery Charger to override the Smart Battery desired charging parameters by disabling the

bq2060 broadcasts. The RE-LEARN_FLAG bit allows the bq2060A to request a conditioning cycle.

SMBus Protocol: Read or Write Word

Input/Output:

Unsigned integer—bit mapped (see the following).

Units: not applicable

Range: 0–1

Granularity: not applicable

Accuracy: not applicable

The BatteryMode() word is divided into two halves, the most significant bit (bits 8–15), which is read/write and the

least significant bit (bits 0–7), which is read only. The bq2060A forces bits 0–6 to zero and prohibits writes to

bit 7.

Table 9 summarizes the meanings of the individual bits in the BatteryMode() word and specifies the default

values, where applicable, are noted.

INTERNAL_CHARGE_CONTROLLER bit is not used by the bq2060A.

PRIMARY_BATTERY_SUPPORT bit is not used by the bq2060A.

RELEARN_FLAG bit set indicates that the bq2060A is requesting a capacity relearn cycle for the battery. The

bq2060A sets the RELEARN_FLAG under any of three conditions: full reset, detection of 20 cycle counts without

an FCC update, or a midrange voltage correction. The bq2060A clears this flag after a learning cycle has been

completed.

CHARGE_CONTROLLER_ENABLED bit is not used by the bq2060A. The bq2060A forces this bit to zero.

PRIMARY_BATTERY bit is not used by the bq2060A. The bq2060A forces this bit to zero.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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Table 9. Battery Mode Bits and Values

Battery Mode() Bits Bits Used Format Allowable Values

INTERNAL_CHARGE_CONTROLLER 0 Read only bit flag

PRIMARY_BATTERY_SUPPORT 1 Read only bit flag

Reserved 2–60—Battery OK

RELEARN_FLAG 7 Read only bit flag 1—Relearn cycle requested

CHARGE_CONTROLLER_ENABLED 8 R/W bit flag

PRIMARY_BATTERY 9 R/W bit flag

Reserved 10–12 0—Enable alarm broadcast (default)

ALARM_MODE 13 R/W bit flag 1—Disable alarm broadcast

0—Enable charging broadcast (default)

CHARGER_MODE 14 R/W bit flag 1—Disable charging broadcast

0—Report in mA or mAh (default)

CAPACITY_MODE 15 R/W bit flag 1—Report in 10 mW or 10 mWh

ALARM_MODE bit is set to disable the bq2060 ability to master the SMBus and send AlarmWarning() messages

to the SMBus Host and the Smart Battery Charger. When set, the bq2060A does NOT master the SMBus, and

AlarmWarning() messages are NOT sent to the SMBus Host and the Smart Battery Charger for a period of no

more than 65 s and no less than 45 s. When cleared (default), the Smart Battery sends the AlarmWarning()

messages to the SMBus Host and the Smart Battery Charger any time an alarm condition is detected.

•The bq2060A polls the ALARM_MODE bit at least every 150 ms. Whenever the ALARM_MODE bit is set, the

bq2060A resets the bit and starts or restarts a 55-s (nominal) timer. After the timer expires, the bq2060A

automatically enables alarm broadcasts to ensure that the accidental deactivation of broadcasts does not

persist. To prevent the bq2060A from becoming a master on the SMBus, an SMBus host must therefore

continually set this bit at least once per 50 s to keep the bq2060A from broadcasting alarms.

•The ALARM_MODE bit defaults to a cleared state within 130 ms after the bq2060A detects the SMBus

Off-State.

•The condition of the ALARM-MODE bit does NOT affect the operation or state of the CHARGER_MODE bit

which is used to prevent broadcasts of ChargingCurrent() and ChargingVoltage() to the Smart Battery

Charger.

CHARGER_MODE bit enables or disables the bq2060 transmission of ChargingCurrent() and ChargingVoltage()

messages to the Smart Battery Charger. When set, the bq2060A does NOT transmit ChargingCurrent() and

ChargingVoltage() values to the Smart Battery Charger. When cleared, the bq2060A transmits the

ChargingCurrent() and ChargingVoltage() values to the Smart Battery Charger. The CHARGER_MODE bit

defaults to a cleared state within 130 ms after the bq2060A detects the SMBus Off-State.

CAPACITY_MODE bit indicates if capacity information is reported in mA/mAh or 10 mW/10 mWh. When set, the

bq2060A reports capacity information in 10 mW/10 mWh as appropriate. When cleared, the bq2060A reports

capacity information in mA/mAh as appropriate. The CAPACITY_MODE bit defaults to a cleared state within

130 ms after the bq2060A detects the SMBus Off-State.

Note 1: The following functions are changed to accept or return values in mA/mAh or 10 mW/10 mWh depending

on the CAPACITY_MODE bit:

•RemainingCapacityAlarm()

•AtRate()

•RemainingCapacity()

•FullChargeCapacity()

•DesignCapacity()

Note 2: The following functions are calculated on the basis of capacity and may be calculated differently

depending on the CAPACITY_MODE bit:

•AtRateOK()

•AtRateTimeToEmpty()

•AtRateTimeToFull()

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

•RunTimeToEmpty()

•AverageTimeToEmpty()

•AverageTimeToFull()

•Remaining Time Alarm()

•BatteryStatus()

The bq2060A updates the non-AtRate related register values within 3 s of changing the state of the

CAPACITY_MODE bit. The AtRate() values are updated after the next AtRate value is written to the bq2060A (or

after the next 20 s scheduled refresh calculation).

AtRate() (0x04); [0x04]

Description: The AtRate() function is the first half of a two-function call-set used to set the AtRate value used in

calculations made by the AtRateTimeToFull(), AtRateTimeToEmpty(), and AtRateOK() functions. The AtRate

value may be expressed in either current (mA) or power (10 mW) depending on the setting of the BatteryMode()

CAPACITY_MODE bit.

Purpose: because the AtRate() function is the first half of a two-function call-set, it is followed by the second

function of the call-set that calculates and returns a value based on the AtRate value and the present battery

state. A delay of up to 1.3 s is required after writing AtRate() before the bq2060A can acknowledge the requested

AtRate function.

•When the AtRate() value is positive, the AtRateTimeToFull() function returns the predicted time to full charge

at the AtRate value of charge.

•When the AtRate() value is negative, the AtRateTimeToEmpty() function returns the predicted operating time

at the AtRate value of discharge.

•When the AtRate() value is negative, the AtRateOK() function returns a Boolean value that predicts the ability

of the battery to supply the AtRate value of additional discharge energy (current or power) for 10 seconds.

The default value for AtRate() is zero. Writing AtRate() values over the HDQ16 serial port does NOT trigger a

re-calculation of AtRateTimeToFull(), AtRateTimeToEmpty(), and AtRateOK() functions.

It is recommended that AtRate() requests should be limited to one request every 4 s.

SMBus Protocol: Read or Write Word

Input/Output: Signed integer—charge or discharge; the AtRate() value is positive for charge, negative for

discharge, and zero for neither (default).

BATTERY MODE

CAPACITY_MODE CAPACITY_MODE

BIT = 0 BIT = 1

Units mA 10 mW

Charge Range 1–32,767 mA 1–32,768 10 mW

Discharge Range –1 to –32,768 mA –1 to –32,768 10 mW

Granularity 1 unit

Accuracy NA

AtRateTimeToFull() (0x05);[0x05]

Description: Returns the predicted remaining time to fully charge the battery at the AtRate( ) value (mA).

Purpose: The AtRateTimeToFull() function is part of a two-function call-set used to determine the predicted

remaining charge time at the AtRate value in mA. The bq2060A updates AtRateTimeToFull() within 1.3 s after

the SMBus Host sets the AtRate value. If read before this delay, the command is No Acknowledged and the error

code in BatteryStatus is set to not ready. The bq2060A automatically updates AtRateTimeToFull() based on the

AtRate() value every 20 s.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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Unsigned integer—predicted time in minutes to fully charge the battery.

•Units: minutes

•Range: 0 to 65,534 min

•Granularity: 2 min or better

•Accuracy: ±MaxError() * FullChargeCapacity() / |AtRate()|

•Invalid Data Indication: 65,535 indicates the battery is not being charged.

AtRateTimeToEmpty() (0x06); [0x06]

Description: Returns the predicted remaining operating time if the battery is discharged at the AtRate() value.

Purpose: The AtRateTimeToEmpty() function is part of a two-function call-set used to determine the remaining

operating time at the AtRate() value. The bq2060A updates AtRateTimeToEmpty() within 1.3 s after the SMBus

Host sets the AtRate() value. If read before this delay, the command is No Acknowledged, and the error code in

BatteryStatus is set to not ready. The bq2060A automatically updates AtRateTimeToEmpty() based on the

AtRate() value every 20 s.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer —estimated operating time left.

•Units: minutes

•Range: 0 to 65,534 min

•Granularity: 2 min or better

•Accuracy: –0,+MaxError()*FullChargeCapacity/|AtRate()|

•Invalid Data Indication: 65,535 indicates the battery is not being discharged.

AtRateOK() (0x07); [0x07]

Description: Returns a Boolean value that indicates whether or not the battery can deliver the AtRate( ) value of

additional energy for 10 seconds (Boolean). If the AtRate value is zero or positive, the AtRateOK() function

always returns true.

Purpose:The AtRateOK() function is part of a two-function call-set used by power management systems to

determine if the battery can safely supply enough energy for an additional load. The bq2060A updates

AtRateOK() within 1.3 s after the SMBus Host sets the AtRate( ) value. If read before this delay, the command is

No Acknowledged, and the error code in BatteryStatus is set to not ready. The bq2060A automatically updates

AtRateOK() based on the At Rate() value every 20 s.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Boolean—indicates if the battery can supply the additional energy requested.

•Units: Boolean

•Range: TRUE, FALSE

•Granularity: not applicable

•Accuracy: not applicable

Temperature() (0x08); [0x08]

Description: Returns the temperature (K) measured by the bq2060A.

Purpose: The Temperature() function provides accurate cell temperatures for use by battery chargers and

thermal management systems. A battery charger can use the temperature as a safety check. Thermal

management systems may use the temperature because the battery is one of the largest thermal sources in a

system.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Unsigned integer—cell temperature in tenth-degree Kelvin increments.

•Units: 0.1°K

•Range: 240.4°K to 388.0°K

•Granularity: 0.1°K

•Accuracy: ±1.5°K (from ideal 103AT thermistor performance, after calibration from 0°K to 70°K)

Voltage() (0x09); [0x09]

Description: Returns the cell-pack voltage (mV).

Purpose: The Voltage() function provides power management systems with an accurate battery terminal voltage.

Power management systems can use this voltage, along with battery current information, to characterize devices

they control. This ability helps enable intelligent, adaptive power management systems.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—battery terminal voltage in mV.

•Units: mV

•Range: 0 to 20,000 mV

•Granularity: 1 mV

•Accuracy: ±0.65% (after calibration)

Current() (0x0a); [0x0a]

Description: Returns the current being supplied (or accepted) through the battery terminals (mA).

Purpose: The Current() function provides a snapshot for the power management system of the current flowing

into or out of the battery. This information is of particular use in power management systems because they can

characterize individual devices and tune their operation to actual system power behavior.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Signed integer—charge/discharge rate in mA increments—positive for charge, negative for discharge.

•Units: mA

•Range: (±250 mV/RS) mA

•Granularity: 0.038 mV/RS(integer value)

•Accuracy: ±1 mV/RS(after calibration)

AverageCurrent() (0x0b); [0x0b]

Description: Returns a value that approximates a one-minute rolling average of the current being supplied (or

accepted) through the battery terminals (mA). The AverageCurrent() function returns meaningful values during

the first minute of battery operation.

Purpose: The AverageCurrent() function provides the average current flowing into or out of the battery for the

power management system.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Signed integer—charge/discharge rate in mA increments—positive for charge, negative for discharge.

•Units: mA

•Range: (±250 mV/RS) mA

•Granularity: 0.038 mV/RS(integer value)

•Accuracy: ±1 mV/RS(after calibration)

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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MaxError() (0x0c); [0x0c]

Description: Returns the expected margin of error (%) in the state of charge calculation. For example, when

MaxError() returns 10% and RelativeStateOfCharge() returns 50%, the Relative StateOfCharge() is more likely

between 50% and 60%. The bq2060A sets MaxError() to 100% on a full reset. The bq2060A sets MaxError() to

2% on completion of a learning cycle, unless the bq2060A limits the learning cycle to the +512/–256-mAh

maximum adjustment values. If the learning cycle is limited, the bq2060A sets MaxError() to 8% unless

MaxError() was already below 8%. In this case MaxError() does not change. The bq2060A increments

MaxError() by 1% after four increments of CycleCount() without a learning cycle.

If voltage-based corrections are applied to the coulomb counter, MaxError() is set to 25%.

Purpose: The MaxError() function has real value in two ways: first, to give the user a confidence level about the

state of charge and second, to give the power management system information about how aggressive it should

be, particularly as the battery nears the end of its life.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—percent uncertainty for selected information.

•Units: %

•Range: 2% to 100%

•Granularity: 1%

•Accuracy: not applicable

RelativeStateOfCharge() (0x0d); [0x0d]

Description: Returns the predicted remaining battery capacity expressed as a percentage of

FullChargeCapacity() (%).

Purpose: The RelativeStateOfCharge() function is used to estimate the amount of charge remaining in the

battery relative to the last learned capacity.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—percent of remaining capacity.

•Units: %

•Range: 0% to 100%

•Granularity: 1%

•Accuracy: –0, +MaxError()

AbsoluteStateOfCharge()(0x0e); [0x0e]

Description: Returns the predicted remaining battery capacity expressed as a percentage of DesignCapacity()

(%). Note that AbsoluteStateOfCharge() can return values greater than 100%.

Purpose: The AbsoluteStateOfCharge() function is used to estimate the amount of charge remaining in the

battery relative to the nominal or DesignCapacity().

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

RemainingCapacity() (0x0f); [0x0f]

Description: Returns the predicted charge or energy remaining in the battery. The RemainingCapacity() value is

expressed in either charge (mAh at a C/5 discharge rate) or energy (10 mWh at a P/5 discharge rate) depending

on the setting of the BatteryMode() CAPACITY_MODE bit.

Purpose: The RemainingCapacity() function returns the remaining battery capacity. This information is a numeric

indication of remaining charge or energy given by the Absolute or Relative StateOfCharge() functions and may

be in a better form for use by power management systems.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—remaining charge in mAh or 10 mWh.

BATTERY MODE

CAPACITY_MODE CAPACITY_MODE

BIT = 0 BIT = 1

Units mAh 10 mWh

Range 0–65,535 mAh 0–65, 535 10 mWh

Granularity mAh 10 mWh

Accuracy –0, +MaxError()*FullChargeCapacity()

FullChargeCapacity() (0x10); [0x10]

Description: Returns the predicted pack capacity when it is fully charged. The FullChargeCapacity() value is

expressed in either current (mAh at a C/5 discharge rate) or power (10 mWh at a P/5 discharge rate) depending

on the setting of the BatteryMode() CAPACITY_MODE bit.

Purpose: The FullChargeCapacity() function provides the user with a means of understanding the tank size of

their battery. This information, along with information about the original capacity of the battery, can be presented

to the user as an indication of battery wear.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—estimated full-charge capacity in mAh or 10 mWh.

BATTERY MODE

CAPACITY_MODE CAPACITY_MODE

BIT = 0 BIT = 1

Units mAh 10 mWh

Range 0–65,535 mAh 0–65,535 10 mWh

Granularity mAh 10 mWh

Accuracy –0, +MaxError()*FullChargeCapacity()

RunTimeToEmpty() (0x11); [0x11]

Description: Returns the predicted remaining battery life at the present rate of discharge (minutes). The

RunTimeToEmpty() value is calculated based on either current or power depending on the setting of the

BatteryMode() CAPACITY_MODE bit.

Purpose: The RunTimeToEmpty() provides the power management system with information about the relative

gain or loss in remaining battery life in response to a change in power policy. This information is NOT the same

as the AverageTimeToEmpty(), which is not suitable to determine the effects that result from a change in power

policy.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—minutes of operation left.

•Units: minutes

•Range: 0 to 65,534 min

•Granularity: 2 min or better

•Accuracy: –0, +MaxError()*FullChargeCapacity() / Current()

•Invalid Data Indication: 65,535 indicates battery is not being discharged.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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AverageTimeToEmpty() (0x12); [0x12]

Description: Returns a 1-minute rolling average of the predicted remaining battery life (minutes). The

AverageTimeToEmpty() value is calculated based on either current or power depending on the setting of the

BatteryMode() CAPACITY_MODE bit.

Purpose: The AverageTimeToEmpty() displays state-of-charge information in a more useful way. It averages the

instantaneous estimations so that the remaining time does not appear to jump around.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—minutes of operation left.

•Units: minutes

•Range: 0 to 65,534 min

•Granularity: 2 min or better

•Accuracy: –0, +MaxError()*FullChargeCapacity() / AverageCurrent()

•Invalid Data Indication: 65,535 indicates battery is not being discharged.

AverageTimeToFull() (0x13); [0x13]

Description: Returns a 1-minute rolling average of the predicted remaining time until the battery reaches full

charge (minutes).

Purpose: The AverageTimeToFull() function can be used by the SMBus host power-management system to aid

in its policy. It may also be used to find out how long the system must be left on to achieve full charge.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—remaining time in minutes.

•Units: minutes

•Range: 0 to 65,534 minutes

•Granularity: 2 minutes or better

•Accuracy: MaxError()*FullChargeCapacity() / AverageCurrent()

•Invalid Data Indication: 65,535 indicates the battery is not being charged

ChargingCurrent() (0x14); [0x14]

Description: Returns the desired charging rate in mA.

Purpose: The ChargingCurrent() function sets the maximum charge current of the battery. The

ChargingCurrent() value should be used in combination with the ChargingVoltage() value to set the charger

operating point. Together, these functions permit the bq2060A to dynamically control the charging profile

(current/voltage) of the battery. The bq2060A can effectively turn off a charger by returning a value of 0 for this

function. The charger may be operated as a constant-voltage source above its maximum regulated current range

by returning a ChargingCurrent() value of 65,535.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—maximum charger output current in mA.

•Units: mA

•Range: 0 mA to 65,535 mA

•Granularity: 1 mA

•Accuracy: not applicable

•Invalid Data Indication: 65,535 indicates that a charger should operate as a voltage source outside its

maximum regulated current range.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

ChargingVoltage() (0x15); [0x15]

Description: Returns the desired charging voltage in mV.

Purpose: The ChargingVoltage() function sets the maximum charge voltage of the battery. The

ChargingVoltage() value should be used in combination with the ChargingCurrent() value to set the charger

operating point. Together, these functions permit the bq2060A to dynamically control the charging profile

(current/voltage) of the battery. The charger may be operated as a constant-current source above its maximum

regulated voltage range by returning a ChargingVoltage() value of 65,535.

SMBus Protocol: Write Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—charger output voltage in mV.

•Units: mV

•Range: 0 mV to 65,535 mV

•Granularity: 1 mV

•Accuracy: not applicable

•Invalid Data Indication: 65,535 indicates that the charger should operate as a current source outside its

maximum regulated voltage range.

BatteryStatus()(0x16); [0x16]

Description: Returns the bq2060 status word (flags). Some of the BatteryStatus() flags

(REMAINING_CAPACITY_ALARM and REMAINING_TIME_ALARM) are calculated based on either current or

power depending on the setting of the BatteryMode() CAPACITY_MODE bit. This is important because use of

the wrong calculation mode may result in an inaccurate alarm.

Purpose: The BatteryStatus() function is used by the power management system to get alarm and status bits, as

well as error codes from the bq2060A. This is basically the same information broadcast to both the SMBus Host

and the Smart Battery Charger by the AlarmWarning() function except that the AlarmWarning() function sets the

Error Code bits all high before sending the data.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Input/Output:

Unsigned integer—Status Register with alarm conditions bit-mapped as follows:

ALARM BITS

0x8000 OVER_CHARGED_ALARM

0x4000 TERMINATE_CHARGE_ALARM

0x2000 Reserved

0x1000 OVER_TEMP_ALARM

0x0800 TERMINATE_DISCHARGE_ALARM

0x0400 Reserved

0x0200 REMAINING_CAPACITY_ALARM

0x0100 REMAINING_TIME_ALARM

STATUS BITS

0x0080 INITIALIZED

0x0040 DISCHARGING

0x0020 FULLY_CHARGED

0x0010 FULLY_DISCHARGED

ERROR CODES

0x0007 Unknown Error

0x0006 BadSize

0x0005 Overflow/Underflow

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

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ERROR CODES

0x0004 AccessDenied

0x0003 UnsupportedCommand

0x0002 ReservedCommand

0x0001 Busy

0x0000 OK

Alarm Bits

OVER_CHARGED_ALARM bit is set whenever the bq2060A detects that the battery is being charged beyond

the Maximum Overcharge limit. This bit is cleared when the bq2060A detects that the battery is no longer being

charged (i.e., the bq2060A detects discharge activity or no activity for the digital filter timeout periods). The digital

filter timeout period (seconds) equates to 10 times the value shared in Digital Filter EE0x52.

TERMINATE_CHARGE_ALARM bit is set when the bq2060A detects that one or more of the battery charging

parameters are out of range (e.g., its voltage, current, or temperature is too high) or when the bq2060A detects a

primary charge termination. This bit is cleared when the parameter falls back into the allowable range, the

termination condition ceases, or when the bq2060A detects that the battery is no longer being charged.

OVER_TEMP_ALARM bit is set when the bq2060A detects that the internal battery temperature is greater than

or equal to the MaxT limit. This bit is cleared when the internal temperature falls back into the acceptable range.

TERMINATE_DISCHARGE_ALARM bit is set when the bq2060A detects Voltage() ≤EDV0, the CVUV bit in

Pack Status is set (Li-ion cell voltage has dropped below the limit programmed in Cell Under / Over Voltage), or

RemainingCapacity() = 0. The bit is cleared when Voltage() >EDV0 or CVUV bit is cleared, and

RemainingCapacity() >0.

REMAINING_CAPACITY_ALARM bit is set when the bq2060A detects that RemainingCapacity() is less than

that set by the RemainingCapacityAlarm() function. This bit is cleared when the value set by the

RemainingCapacityAlarm() function is lower than RemainingCapacity().

REMAINING_TIME_ALARM bit is set when the bq2060A detects that the estimated remaining time at the

present discharge rate is less than that set by the RemainingTimeAlarm() function. This bit is cleared when the

value set by the RemainingTimeAlarm() function is lower than the AverageTimeToEmpty().

Status Bits

INITIALIZED bit is set when the bq2060A has detected a valid load of EEPROM. It is cleared when the bq2060A

detects an improper EEPROM load.

DISCHARGING bit is set when the bq2060A determines that the battery is not being charged. This bit is cleared

when the bq2060A detects that the battery is being charged.

FULLY_CHARGED bit is set when the bq2060A detects a primary charge termination or an overcharged

condition. It is cleared when RelativeStateOfCharge() ≤the programmed Fully Charged Clear % in EE 0x4c.

FULLY_DISCHARGED bit is set when Voltage() ≤EDV2 threshold, or RemainingCapacity() <Full Charge

Capacity*BatteryLow%. This bit is cleared when the Relative StateOfCharge() is ≥20%.

ERROR CODES DESCRIPTION

OK The bq2060A processed the function code without detecting any errors.

Busy The bq2060A is unable to process the function code at this time.

The bq2060A detected an attempt to read or write to a function code reserved by this version of the specification. The

Reserved bq2060A detected an attempt to access an unsupported optional manufacturer function code.

Unsupported The bq2060A does not support this function code which is defined in this version of the specification.

AccessDenied The bq2060A detected an attempt to write to a read-only function code.

Over/Underflow The bq2060A detected a data overflow or underflow.

BadSize The bq2060A detected an attempt to write to a function code with an incorrect data block.

UnknownError The bq2060A detected an unidentifiable error.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

CycleCount()(0x17); [0x17]

Description: Returns the number of cycles the battery has experienced. The mAh value of each count is

determined by programming the Cycle Count Threshold value in EE 0x3c–0x3d. The bq2060A saves the cycle

count value to Cycle Count EE 0x0e–0x0f after an update to CycleCount().

Purpose: The CycleCount() function provides a means to determine the battery wear. It may be used to give

advanced warning that the battery is nearing its end of life.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—count of total charge removed from the battery over its life.

•Units: cycle

•Range: 0 to 65,534 cycles 65,535 indicates battery has experienced 65,535 or more cycles.

•Granularity: 1 cycle

•Accuracy: absolute count

DesignCapacity() (0x18); [0x18]

Description: Returns the theoretical or nominal capacity of a new pack. The DesignCapacity() value is

expressed in either current (mAh at a C/5 discharge rate) or power, (10 mWh at a P/5 discharge rate) depending

on the setting of the BatteryMode() CAPACITY_MODE bit.

Purpose: The DesignCapacity() function is used by the SMBus host power management with

FullChargeCapacity() to determine battery wear. The power management system may present this information to

the user and also adjust its power policy as a result.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—battery capacity in mAh or 10 mWh.

BATTERY MODE

CAPACITY_MODE CAPACITY_MODE

BIT = 0 BIT = 1

Units mAh 10 mWh

Range 0–65,535 mAh 0–65,535 10 mWh

Granularity Not applicable

Accuracy Not applicable

DesignVoltage() (0x19); [0x19]

Description: Returns the theoretical voltage of a new pack (mV). The bq2060A sets DesignVoltage() to the

value programmed in Design Voltage EE0x12–0x13.

Purpose: The DesignVoltage() function can be used to give additional information about a particular Smart

Battery's expected terminal voltage.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—the battery's designed terminal voltage in mV

•Units: mV

•Range: 0 mV to 65,535 mV

•Granularity: not applicable

•Accuracy: not applicable

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

www.ti.com

SpecificationInfo() (0x1a); [0x1a]

Description: Returns the version number of the Smart Battery specification that the battery pack supports, as

well as voltage and current scaling information in a packed unsigned integer. Power scaling is the product of the

voltage scaling times the current scaling. The SpecificationInfo is packed in the following fashion:

•(SpecID_H *0x10+SpecID_L)+(VScale+IPScale*0x10)*0x100

The bq2060A VScale (voltage scaling) and IPScale (current scaling) should always be set to zero. The bq2060A

sets SpecificationInfo() to the value programmed in Specification Information EE 0x14–0x15.

Purpose: The SpecificationInfo() function is used by the SMBus host power-management system to determine

what information the Smart Battery can provide.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—packed specification number and scaling information.

BITS

FIELD FORMAT ALLOWABLE VALUES

USED

SpecID_L 0...3 4-bit binary value 0–15

SpecID_H 4...7 4-bit binary value 0–15

VScale 8...11 4-bit binary value 0 (multiplies voltage by 10VScale)

IPScale 12...15 4-bit binary value 0 (multiplies current by 10IPScale)

ManufactureDate() (0x1b); [0x1b]

Description: This function returns the date the cell pack was manufactured in a packed integer. The date is

packed in the following fashion: (year –1980) ×512 + month ×32 + day. The bq2060A sets ManufactureDate()

to the value programmed in Manufacture Date EE 0x16–0x17.

Purpose: The ManufactureDate() provides the system with information that can be used to uniquely identify a

particular battery pack when used with SerialNumber().

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output:

Unsigned integer—packed date of manufacture.

BITS

FIELD FORMAT ALLOWABLE VALUES

USED

Day 0...4 5-bit binary value 0–31 (corresponds to date)

Month 5...8 4-bit binary value 1–12 (corresponds to month number)

Year 9...15 7-bit binary value 0–127 (corresponds to year biased by 1980)

SerialNumber() (0x1c); [0x1c]

Description: This function is used to return a serial number. This number, when combined with the

ManufacturerName(), the DeviceName(), and the ManufactureDate(), uniquely identifies the battery (unsigned

integer). The bq2060A sets SerialNumber() to the value programmed in Serial Number EE 0x18–0x19.

Purpose: The SerialNumber() function can be used to identify a particular battery. This may be important in

systems that are powered by multiple batteries where the system can log information about each battery that it

encounters.

SMBus Protocol: Read Word

Output: Unsigned integer

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

ManufacturerName() (0x20); [0x20–0x2a]

Description: This function returns a character array containing the battery manufacturer's name. For example,

MyBattCo would identify the Smart Battery manufacturer as MyBattCo. The bq2060A sets ManufacturerName()

to the value programmed in Manufacturer Name EE 0x20–0x2a.

Purpose: The ManufacturerName() function returns the name of the Smart Battery manufacturer. The

manufacturer's name can be displayed by the SMBus host power-management system display as both an

identifier and as an advertisement for the manufacturer. The name is also useful as part of the information

required to uniquely identify a battery.

SMBus Protocol: Read Block

Output:

String—character string with maximum length of 10 characters (10 + length byte).

DeviceName() (0x21); [0x28–0x2b]

Description: This function returns a character string that contains the battery name. For example, a

DeviceName() of BQ2060A would indicate that the battery is a model BQ2060A. The bq2060A sets

DeviceName() to the value programmed in Device Name EE 0x30–0x37.

Purpose: The DeviceName() function returns the battery name for identification purposes.

SMBus Protocol: Read Block

Output: String—character string with maximum length of 10 characters (10+length byte).

DeviceChemistry() (0x22); [0x30–0x32]

Description:This function returns a character string that contains the battery chemistry. For example, if the

DeviceChemistry() function returns NiMH, the battery pack would contain nickel metal hydride cells. The

bq2060A sets DeviceChemistry() to the value programmed in Device Chemistry EE 0x40–0x44.

Purpose: The DeviceChemistry() function gives cell chemistry information for use by charging systems. The

bq2060A does not use DeviceChemisty() values for internal charge control or fuel gauging.

SMBus Protocol: Read Block

Output: String—character string with maximum length of 4 characters (4+length byte).

Lead acid PbAc

Lithium ion LION

Nickel cadmium NiCd

Nickel metal hydride NiMH

Nickel zinc NiZn

Rechargeable alkaline-manganese RAM

Zinc air ZnAr

ManufacturerData() (0x23); [0x38–0x3a]

Description: This function allows access to the manufacturer data contained in the battery (data). The bq2060A

stores seven critical operating parameters in this data area.

Purpose: The ManufacturerData() function may be used to access the manufacturer's data area. The data fields

of this command reflect the programming of five critical EEPROM locations and can be used to facilitate

evaluation bq2060A under various programming sets. The ManufacturerData() function returns the following

information in order: Control Mode, Digital Filter, Self-Discharge Rate, Battery Low %, Near Full, and the pending

EDV threshold voltage (low byte and high byte.)

SMBus Protocol: Read Block

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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Output: Block data—data that reflects EEPROM programming as assigned by the manufacturer with maximum

length of 7 characters (7+length byte).

Pack Status and Pack Configuration (0x2f); [0x2f]

This function returns the Pack Status and Pack Configuration registers. The Pack Status register contains a

number of status bits relating to bq2060A operation. The Pack Status register is the least significant byte of the

word. The Pack Configuration register is the most significant byte of the word. The byte reflects how the

bq2060A is configured as defined by the value programmed in Pack Configuration in EE 0x3f.

The Pack Status Register consists of the following bits:

b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0

OCE EDV2 EINT VDQ COK DOK CVOV CVUV

OCE

The OCE bit indicates that offset cancellation is enabled. The bq2060A sets this bit after VFC offset calibration is

complete.

0 Offset calibration is not enabled

1 Offset calibration is enabled

EDV2

The EDV2 bit indicates that Voltage() is less than the EDV2 threshold.

0 Voltage() >EDV2 threshold (discharging)

1 Voltage() ≤EDV2 threshold

EINT

The EINT bit indicates that the VFC has detected a charge or discharge pulse.

0 No charge/discharge activity detected

1 Charge/discharge activity detected.

VDQ

The VDQ bit indicates if the present discharge cycle is valid for an FCC update.

0 Discharge cycle is not valid

1 Discharge cycle is valid

COK

The COK bit indicates the status of the CFC pin of the bq2060A.

0 CFC pin is low

1 CFC pin is high

DOK

The DOK bit indicates the status of the DFC pin of the bq2060A.

0 DFC pin is low

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

ADC Sense Resistor Gain +625

(Rs)

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

1 DFC pin is high

CVOV

The CVOV bit indicates that a secondary Li-ion protection limit has been exceeded. It is set if any individual cell

exceeds the programmed high voltage limit, if the pack voltage exceeds the overvoltage threshold, or if an

overtemperature condition occurs. The bit is not latched and merely reflects the present overvoltage status.

0 No secondary protection limits exceeded

1 A secondary protection limit exceeded

CVUV

The CVUV bit indicates if any individual cell falls below the programmed low-voltage limit. The bit applies to

lithium batteries only. The bit is not latched and merely reflects the present undervoltage status.

0 All series cells are above the low-voltage limit

1 A series cell is below the low-voltage limit

VCELL4–VCELL1 (0x3c–0x3f); [0x3c–0x3f]

These functions return the calculated voltages in mV at the VCELL4through VCELL1inputs.

EEPROM

General

The bq2060A accesses the external EEPROM during a full reset and when storing historical data. During an

EEPROM access, the VOUT pin becomes active, and the bq2060A uses the ESCL and ESDA pins to

communicate with the EEPROM. The EEPROM stores basic configuration information for use by the bq2060A.

The EEPROM must be programmed correctly for proper bq2060A operation.

CAUTION

Recent changes to some EEPROM ICs have made the timing of the VOUT pin

unreliable. It is strongly recommended that the EEPROM is powered from the VCC pin

(pin 7). Also, it is acceptable to short pins 6 and 7, if needed.

Memory Map

Table 10 shows the memory map for the EEPROM. It also contains example data for a 10-series NiMH and a

3s3p Li-ion battery pack with a 0.05-Ωsense resistor.

EEPROM Programming

The following sections describes the function of each EEPROM location and how the data is to be stored.

Fundamental Parameters

Sense Resistor Value

Two factors are used to scale the current-related measurements. The 16-bit ADC Sense Resistor Gain value in

EE 0x68–0x69 scales Current() to mA. Adjusting ADC Sense Resistor Gain from its nominal value provides a

method to calibrate the current readings for system errors and the sense resistor value ®S) The nominal value is

set by

(4)

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

VFC Sense Resistor Gain +409.6

(Rs)

Digital Filter +2250

VDF

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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The 16-bit VFC Sense Resistor Gain in EE 0x6a–0x6b scales each VFC interrupt to mAh. VFC Sense Resistor

Gain is based on the resistance of the series sense resistor. The following formula computes a nominal or

starting value for VFC Sense Resistor Gain from the sense resistor value.

(5)

Sense resistor values are limited to the range of 0.00954 to 0.100 Ω.

Digital Filter

The digital filter threshold, VDF (µV), is set by the value stored in Digital Filter EE 0x52.

(6)

Cell Characteristics

Battery Pack Capacity and Voltage

Pack capacity in mAh units is stored in Pack Capacity EE 0x3a–0x3b. In mAh mode, the bq2060A copies Pack

Capacity to DesignCapacity(). In mWh mode, the bq2060A multiplies Pack Capacity by Design Voltage EE

0x12–0x13 to calculate DesignCapacity() scaled to 10 mWh. Design Voltage is stored in mV.

The initial value for Last Measured Discharge in mAh is stored in EE 0x38–0x39. Last Measured Discharge is

modified over the course of pack usage to reflect cell aging under the particular use conditions. The bq2060A

updates Last Measured Discharge in mAh after a capacity learning cycle. The bq2060A uses the Last Measured

Discharge value to calculate FullChargeCapacity() in mAh or 10 mWh mode.

Table 10. EEPROM Memory Map

Data Data

EEPROM NiMH Li-Ion

Name Chemistry

Address Example Example

MSB LSB MSB LSB

0x00 0x01 Check Byte 1 Li-Ion, nickel 15487 3c 7f 15487 3c 7f

0x02 0x03 Remaining Time Alarm Li-Ion, nickel 10 minutes 00 0a 10 minutes 00 0a

0x04 0x05 Remaining Capacity Alarm Li-Ion, nickel 350 mAh 01 5e 400 mAh 01 90

0x06 EDV A0 Impedance Age Factor Li-Ion, nickel 0 —00 0 —00

0x07 EDV TC Cold Impedance Factor —0—00 3 —03

0x08 Misc Options —0—00 0 —00

0x09 Safety Overtemperature —0—00 0 —00

0x0a 0x0b Charging Voltage Li-Ion, nickel 18000 mV 46 50 12600 mV 31 38

0x0c 0x0d Reserved —128 00 80 128 00 80

0x0e 0x0f Cycle Count Li-Ion, nickel 0 00 00 0 00 00

0x10 0x11 Reserved —0 00 00 0 00 00

0x12 0x13 Design Voltage Li-Ion, nickel 12000 mV 2e e0 10800 mV 2a 30

0x14 0x15 Specification Information Li-Ion, nickel v1.1/PEC 00 31 v1.1/PEC 00 31

0x16 0x17 Manufacture Date Li-Ion, nickel 2/25/99=9817 26 59 2/25/99=9817 26 59

0x18 0x19 Serial Number Li-Ion, nickel 1 00 01 1 00 01

0x1a 0x1b Fast-Charging Current Li-Ion, nickel 4000 mA 0f a0 3000 mA 0b b8

0x1c 0x1d Maintenance Charging Current Li-Ion, nickel 200 mA 00 c8 0 mA 00 00

0x1e 0x1f Pre-Charge Current Li-Ion, nickel 800 mA 03 20 100 mA 00 64

0x20 Manufacturer Name Length Li-Ion, nickel 9 —09 9 —09

0x21 Character 1 Li-Ion, nickel B —42 B —42

0x22 Character 2 Li-Ion, nickel E —45 E —45

0x23 Character 3 Li-Ion, nickel N —4e N —4e

0x24 Character 4 Li-Ion, nickel C —43 C —43

0x25 Character 5 Li-Ion, nickel H —48 H —48

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Table 10. EEPROM Memory Map (continued)

Data Data

EEPROM NiMH Li-Ion

Name Chemistry

Address Example Example

MSB LSB MSB LSB

0x26 Character 6 Li-Ion, nickel M —4d M —4d

0x27 Character 7 Li-Ion, nickel A —41 A —41

0x28 Character 8 Li-Ion, nickel R —52 R —52

0x29 Character 9 Li-Ion, nickel Q —51 Q —51

0x2a Character 10 Li-Ion, nickel 0 —00 0 —00

0x2b Light Discharge Current Li-Ion, nickel 0 —00 0 —00

0x2c 0x2d Reserved —0 00 00 0 00 00

0x2e 0x2f Maximum Overcharge Li-Ion, nickel 200 mAh ff 38 256 mAh ff 00

0x30 Device Name Length Li-Ion, nickel 7 —07 7 —07

0x31 Character 1 Li-Ion, nickel B —42 B —42

0x32 Character 2 Li-Ion, nickel Q —51 Q —51

0x33 Character 3 Li-Ion, nickel 2 —32 2 —32

0x34 Character 4 Li-Ion, nickel 0 —30 0 —30

0x35 Character 5 Li-Ion, nickel 6 —36 6 —36

0x36 Character 6 Li-Ion, nickel 0 —30 0 —30

0x37 Character 7 Li-Ion, nickel A —41 A —41

0x38 0x39 Last Measured Discharge Li-Ion, nickel 4000 mAh 0f a0 4050 mAh 0f d2

0x3a 0x3b Pack Capacity Li-Ion, nickel 4000 mAh 0f a0 4050 mAh 0f d2

0x3c 0x3d Cycle Count Threshold Li-Ion, nickel 500 mAh fe 0c 3240 mAh f3 58

0x3e Reserved —0—00 0 —00

0x3f Pack Configuration Li-Ion, nickel 232 —e8 246 —f6

0x40 Device Chemistry Length Li-Ion, nickel 4 —04 4 —04

0x41 Character 1 Li-Ion, nickel N —4e L —4c

0x42 Character 2 Li-Ion, nickel I —49 I —49

0x43 Character 3 Li-Ion, nickel M —4d O —4f

0x44 Character 4 Li-Ion, nickel H —48 N —4e

0x45 MaxT DeltaT Li-Ion, nickel 50°C, 3°C—c7 50°C, 4.6°C—cf

0x46 0x47 Overload Current Li-Ion, nickel 6000 mA 17 70 6000 mA 17 70

0x48 Overvoltage Margin Li-Ion, nickel 0 —00 800 mV —32

0x49 Overcurrent Margin Li-Ion, nickel 512 mA —20 512 mA —20

Reserved Nickel 0 —00 — — —

0x4a Cell Under/Over Voltage Li-Ion — — — 118 —76

0x4b Fast Charge Termination % Li-Ion, nickel 96% —a0 100% —9c

0x4c Fully Charged Clear % Li-Ion, nickel 90% —a6 95% —a1

0x4d Charge Efficiency Li-Ion, nickel 97% —el 100% —ff

Current Taper Threshold Li-Ion — — — 200 mA —12

0x4e DeltaT Time Nickel 180 s —07 — — —

Holdoff Time Nickel 240 s —04 — — —

0x4f Current Taper Qual Voltage Li-Ion — — — 128 mV —40

0x50 Manufacturers Data Length Li-Ion, nickel 7 —07 7 —07

0x51 Control Mode Li-Ion, nickel 4 04 4 04

0x52 Digital Filter Li-Ion, nickel 50 µV—2d 50 µV—2d

0x53 Self-Discharge Rate Li-Ion, nickel 1% —cb 0.21% —05

0x54 Battery Low % Li-Ion, nickel 7% —12 7% —12

0x55 Near Full Li-Ion, nickel 200 mAh —64 200 mAh —64

0x56 0x57 Reserved —0—00 0 —00

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

= STATEOFCHARGE% x 2.56Battery Low %

NFW

Near Full

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

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Table 10. EEPROM Memory Map (continued)

Data Data

EEPROM NiMH Li-Ion

Name Chemistry

Address Example Example

MSB LSB MSB LSB

0x58 0x59 Reserved —0—00 0 —00

0x5a 0x5b Reserved —0—00 0 —00

0x5c 0x5d Reserved —0 00 00 0 00 00

0x5e 0x5f VFC Offset*(1) Li-Ion, nickel 0 00 00 0 00 00

0x60 VFC Offset*(1) Li-Ion, nickel 0 —00 0 —00

0x61 Temperature Offset*(1) Li-Ion, nickel 0 —00 0 —00

0x62 ADC Offset*(1) Li-Ion, nickel 0 —00 0 —00

Cell 2 Calibration Factor*(1) Li-Ion — — — 0—00

0x63 Efficiency Temperature Compensation Nickel 0.25% —20 — — —

Cell 3 Calibration Factor*(1) Li-Ion — — — 0—00

0x64 Efficiency Drop Off Percentage Nickel 96% —a0 — — —

Cell 4 Calibration Factor*(1) Li-Ion — — — 0—00

0x65 Efficiency Reduction Rate Nickel 1% —50 — — —

0x66 0x67 ADC Voltage Gain*(2) Li-Ion, nickel 16 : 1 4e 20 16 : 1 4e 20

0x68 0x69 ADC Sense Resistor Gain*(2) Li-Ion, nickel 0.05 Ω30 d4 0.05 Ω30 d4

0x6a 0x6b VFC Sense Resistor Gain*(2) Li-Ion, nickel 0.05 Ω20 00 0.05 Ω20 00

0x6c 0x6d VOC 25% Li-Ion, nickel 11500 mV d3 14 10550 mV d6 ca

0x6e 0x6f VOC 50% Li-Ion, nickel 12500 mV cf 2c 10750 mV d6 02

0x70 0x71 VOC 75% Li-Ion, nickel 13500 mV cb 44 11200 mV d4 40

0x72 0x73 EDVF/EDV0 Li-Ion, nickel 9500 mV 25 1c 10265 mV 28 19

0x74 0x75 EMF/ EDV1 Li-Ion, nickel 10000 mV 27 10 11550 2d 1e

0x76 0x77 EDV T0 Factor Li-Ion, nickel 0 00 00 4475 11 7b

C1 = 0

0x78 0x79 EDV C1/C0 Factor/EDV2 Li-Ion, nickel 10500 mV 29 04 00 eb

C0 = 235

0x7a 0x7b EDV R0 Factor Li-Ion, nickel 0 00 00 5350 14 e6

0x7c 0x7d EDV R1 Factor Li-Ion, nickel 0 —00 250 00 fa

0x7e 0x7f Check Byte 2 Li-Ion, nickel 42330 a5 5a 42330 a5 5a

(1) Reserved locations must be set as shown. Locations marked with an asterisk are calibration values that can be adjusted for maximum

accuracy. For these locations the table shows the appropriate default or initial setting.

(2) Reserved locations must be set as shown. Locations marked with an asterisk are calibration values that can be adjusted for maximum

accuracy. For these locations the table shows the appropriate default or initial setting.

EDV Thresholds and Near-Full Percentage

The bq2060A uses three pack voltage thresholds to provide voltage-based warnings of low battery capacity. The

bq2060A uses the values stored in EEPROM for the EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2 values or calculates the three

thresholds from a base value and the temperature, capacity, and rate adjustment factors stored in EEPROM. If

EDV compensation is disabled then EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2 are stored directly in mV in EE 0x72–0x73, EE

0x74–0x75, and EE 0x78–0x79, respectively.

For capacity correction at EDV2, Battery Low % EE 0x54 can be set at a desired state-of-charge,

STATEOFCHARGE%, in the range of 5 to 20%. Typical values for STATEOFCHARGE% are 7–12%

representing 7–12% capacity.

(7)

The bq2060A updates FCC if a qualified discharge occurs from a near-full threshold to EDV2. The desired

near-full threshold window, NFW (mAh), is programmed in Near Full in EE 0x55.

(8)

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

11500

11000

EDV2

10500

EDV1

10000

9500

9000

8500

8000

7500

Voltage(mV)

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

%Capacity

45C/500mA

20C/500mA

BatteryLow%=7%,Load=500mA

11500

11000

EDV2

10500

EDV0

10000

9500

9000

8500

8000

7500

Voltage (mV)

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

% Capacity

Battery Low % = 7%, Temperature = 35 C

35C/2A

35C/500mA

35C/1A

7000

EDV1

EDV0,1,2 +EMF FBL *Ť ILOAD Ť R0 FTZ FCY

FBL +f (C0,C )C1,T)

FTZ +f (R1,T0,T ,C )C1,TC)

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

EDV Discharge Rate and Temperature Compensation

If EDV compensation is enabled, the bq2060A calculates battery voltage to determine EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2

thresholds as a function of battery capacity, temperature, and discharge load. (See Figure 11 and Figure 12.)

Figure 11. EDV Calculations vs Figure 12. EDV Calculations vs

Capacity for Various Temperatures Capacity for Various Loads

The general equation for EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2 calculation is

where

•EMF is a no-load battery voltage that is higher than the highest EDV threshold that is computed. EMF is

programmed in mV in EMF/EDV1 EE 0x74–0x75.

•ILOAD is the current discharge load. (9)

FBL is the factor that adjusts the EDV voltage for battery capacity and temperature to match the no-load

characteristics of the battery.

(10)

where C (0%, 3%, or Battery Low % for EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2, respectively) and C0 are the capacity-related

EDV adjustment factors. C0 is programmed in the lower 11 bits of EDV C1/C0 Factor/EDV2 EE 0x78–79.

The Residual Capacity Factor is stored in the upper 5 bits of EE 0x78–0x79.

Residual Capacity Factor C1 = RESIDUAL% * 2.56.

RESIDUAL% is the desired battery capacity remaining at EDV0 (RM = 0).

•T is the current temperature in K

R0*FTZ represents the resistance of the battery as a function of temperature and capacity.

(11)

•R0 is the first-order rate dependency factor stored in EDV R0 Factor EE 0x7a–0x7b.

•T is the current temperature; C is the battery capacity relating to EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2; and C1 is the

desired residual battery capacity remaining at EDV0 (RM = 0).

•R1 adjusts the variation of impedance with battery capacity. R1 is programmed in EDV R1 Factor EE

0x7c–0x7d.

•T0 adjusts the variation of impedance with battery temperature. T0 is programmed in EDV T0 Factor EE

0x76–0x77.

•TC adjusts the variation of impedance for cold temperature (T <23°C). TC is programmed in EDV TC EE

0x07.

FCY is the factor that adjusts for changing cell impedance as the battery pack is cycled:

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

FCY +f (A0,Cycle Count())

52.73

- = 256

%PERDAY

æ ö

-ç ÷

è ø

Self Discharge Rate

ILEAK 1024

- =

Light Discharge Current

bq2060A

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(12)

where A0 is the EDV aging factor that is stored in EDV A0 Factor EE 0x06. It should be set to 0 for most

applications.

Typical values for the EDV compensation factors for a Li-ion 3s3p 18650 pack are

•EMF = 11550

•T0 = 4475

•C0 = 235

•C1 = 0

•R0 = 5350

•R1 = 250

•A0 = 0

•TC = 3

The graphs in Figures 7, 8, and 9 show the calculated EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2 thresholds versus capacity using

the typical compensation values for different temperatures and loads for a Li-ion 3s3p 18650 pack. The

compensation values vary widely for different cell types and manufacturers and must be matched exactly to the

unique characteristics for optimal performance.

Overload Current Threshold

The Overload Current threshold is a 16-bit value stored in EE 0x46–0x47 in mA units.

Midrange Capacity Corrections

Three voltage-based thresholds, VOC25 EE 0x6c–0x6d, VOC50 EE 0x6e–0x6f, and VOC75 EE 0x70–0x71, are

used to test the accuracy of the RM-based on open-circuit pack voltages. These thresholds are stored in the

EEPROM in 2s complement of voltage in mV. The values represent the open-circuit battery voltage at which the

battery capacity should correspond to the associated state of charge for each threshold.

Self-Discharge Rate

The nominal self-discharge rate, %PERDAY (% per day), is programmed in an 8-bit value Self-Discharge Rate

EE 0x53 by the following relation:

(13)

If programmed to 0, then self-discharge accumulation is disabled.

Light-Load Current

The amount of light-load current in mA, ILEAK, used for compensation is stored in Light Discharge Current in EE

0x2b as follows:

(14)

ILEAK is between 0.044 and 11.2 mA.

Charge Efficiency

The bq2060A uses four charge-efficiency factors to compensate for charge acceptance. These factors are coded

in Charge Efficiency (EFF%), Efficiency Reduction Rate (ERR%), Efficiency Drop Off Percentage (EDOP%), and

Efficiency Temperature Compensation (TEFF%).

The bq2060A applies the efficiency factor, EFF%, when RelativeStateOfCharge() is less than the value coded in

Efficiency Drop Off Percentage EE 0x64. When RelativeStateOfCharge() is greater than or equal to the value

coded in Efficiency Drop Off Percentage, EFF% and ERR% determine the charge efficiency rate. ERR% defines

the percent efficiency reduction per percentage point of RelativeStateOfCharge() over Efficiency Drop Off

Percentage. EFF% is encoded in Charge Efficiency EE 0x4d according to the following equation:

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

= 10 x (EFF% - 74.5 )Charge Efficiency

ERR%

0.0125

Efficiency Reduction Rate

TEFF% x 1.6

=0.0125

Efficiency Temperature Compensation

[ ] o o

Effective Charge Efficiency (nickel only) = EFF% - ERR% RSOC() - EDOP% - TEFF% T( C) - 25 C

é ù

ë û

Overvoltage Margin +VOVM

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(15)

where

74.5 ≤EFF% ≤100

ERR% is encoded in Efficiency Reduction Rate EE 0x65 according to the following equation:

where

•0≤ERR% ≤3.19 (16)

The Efficiency Drop Off Percentage is stored in 2s complement of percent.

The bq2060A also adjusts the efficiency factors for temperature. TEFF% defines the percent efficiency reduction

per degree C over 25°C. TEFF% is encoded in Efficiency Temperature Compensation EE 0x63 according to the

following equation:

where

•0≤TEFF% ≤1.99 (17)

The bq2060A applies all four charge-compensation factors when the CHEM bit in Pack Configuration is not set

denoting a nickel pack.

where

•RSOC() ≥EFF% and T ≥25°C (18)

If CHEM is set denoting a Li-ion pack, the bq2060A applies only the value coded in Charge Efficiency and makes

no other adjustments for charge acceptance.

Charge Limits and Termination Techniques

Charging Voltage

The 16-bit value, Charging Voltage EE 0x0a–0x0b programs the ChargingVoltage() value broadcast to a Smart

Charger. It also sets the base value for determining overvoltage conditions during charging and voltage

compliance during a constant-voltage charging methodology. It is stored in mV.

Overvoltage

The 8-bit value, Overvoltage Margin EE 0x48, sets the limit over ChargingVoltage() that is to be considered as

an overvoltage charge-suspension condition. The voltage in mV above the ChargingVoltage(), VOVM, that

should trigger a charge suspend is encoded in Overvoltage Margin as follows:

where

•VOVM is between 0 and 4080 mV. (19)

Charging Current

ChargingCurrent() values are either broadcast to a Level 2 Smart Battery Charger or read from the bq2060A by a

Level 3 Smart Battery Charger. The bq2060A sets the value of ChargingCurrent(), depending on the charge

requirements and charge conditions of the pack.

When fast charge is allowed, the bq2060A sets ChargingCurrent() to the rate programmed in Fast Charging

Current EE 0x1a–0x1b.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

Overcurrent Margin +IOIM

69 - MAXTEMP

1.6

é ù

ê ú

ë û

MaxT

DTńDt+[DeltaT 2)16]ń10

[320 *DeltaT 20] ƪ°C

sƫ

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When fast charge terminates, the bq2060A sets ChargingCurrent() to zero and then to the Maintenance

Charging Current EE 0x1c–0x1d when the termination condition ceases.

When Voltage() is less than EDV0, the bq2060A sets ChargingCurrent() to Pre-charge Current EE 0x1e–0x1f.

Typically, this rate is larger than the maintenance rate to charge a deeply depleted pack up to the point where it

may be fast charged.

Fast Charging Current, Maintenance Charging Current, and Pre-Charge Current are stored in mA.

Charge Suspension

During charge, the bq2060A compares the current to the ChargingCurrent() plus the value IOIM. If the pack is

charged at a current above the ChargingCurrent() plus IOIM, the bq2060A sets ChargingCurrent() to zero to stop

charging. IOIM is programmed in the EEPROM value, Overcurrent Margin, encoded as follows:

(20)

Overcurrent Margin EE 0x49 may be used to program IOIM values of 0 to 4080 mA in 16-mA steps.

The desired temperature threshold for charge suspension, MAXTEMP, may be programmed between 45°C and

69°C in 1.6°C steps. Charge-suspension temperature is increased by 16°above the programmed value of MaxT

if bit 5 in Miscellaneous Option EE 0x08 is set. MaxT DeltaT EE 0x45 (most significant nibble) is stored in a 4-bit

value as shown:

(21)

The bq2060A suspends fast charge when fast charge continues past full by the amount programmed in

Maximum Overcharge EE 0x2e–0x2f. Maximum Overcharge is programmed in 2s complement form of charge in

mAh.

FULLY_CHARGED Bit Clear Threshold

The bq2060A clears the FULLY_CHARGED bit in BatteryStatus() when RelativeStateOfCharge() reaches the

value, Fully Charged Clear % EE 0x4c. Fully Charged Clear % is an 8-bit value and is stored as a 2s

complement of percent.

Fast Charge Termination Percentage

The bq2060A sets RM to a percentage of FCC on charge termination if the CSYNC bit is set in the Pack

Configuration register. The percentage of FCC is stored in Fast Charge Termination % in EE 0x4b. The value is

stored in 2s complement of percent.

Cycle Count Threshold

Cycle Count Threshold 0x3c–0x3d sets the number of mAh that must be removed from the battery to increment

CycleCount(). Cycle Count Threshold is a 16-bit value stored in 2s complement of charge in mAh.

ΔT/Δt Rate Programming

The ΔT portion of the ΔT/Δt rate is programmed in DeltaT, the low nibble of MaxT DeltaT EE 0x45 (least

significant nibble). The Δportion is programmed in DeltaT Time EE 0x4e.

(22)

Table 11.

DeltaT Δ(°C) DeltaT_Time t (s)

0 1.6 00 320

1 1.8 01 300

2 2.0 02 280

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

Current Taper Qual Voltage +CELLV

Current TaperThreshhold +Rs i

0.5025

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

Table 11. (continued)

DeltaT Δ(°C) DeltaT_Time t (s)

3 2.2 03 260

4 2.4 04 240

5 2.6 05 220

6 2.8 06 200

7 3.0 07 180

8 3.2 08 160

9 3.4 09 140

a 3.6 0a 120

b 3.8 0b 100

c 4.0 0c 80

d 4.2 0d 60

e 4.4 0e 40

f 4.6 0f 20

ΔT/Δt Holdoff Timer Programming

The holdoff timer is programmed in the lower nibble of Holdoff Time EE 0x4f. The holdoff time is 320 s minus 20

times the Holdoff Time value.

Holdoff Time Holdoff Time (s) Holdoff Time Holdoff Time (s)

00 320 08 160

01 300 09 140

02 280 0a 120

03 260 0b 100

04 240 0c 80

05 220 0d 60

06 200 0e 40

07 180 0f 20

Current Taper Termination Characteristics

Two factors in the EEPROM set the current taper termination for Li-ion battery packs. The two coded locations

are Current Taper Qual Voltage EE 0x4f and Current Taper Threshold EE 0x4e. Current taper termination occurs

during charging when the pack voltage is above the charging voltage minus CELLV (mV) and the charging

current is below the threshold coded in Current Taper Threshold for at least 80 s.

(23)

(24)

where i = the desired current termination threshold in mA, and RS= VFC sense resistor in ohms.

PACK OPTIONS

Pack Configuration

Pack Configuration EE 0x3f contains bit-programmable features.

b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0

DMODE SEAL CSYNC CEDV VCOR CHEM LCC1 LCC0

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DMODE

The DMODE bit determines whether the LED outputs will indicate AbsoluteStateOfCharge() or

RelativeStateOfCharge()

0 LEDs reflect AbsoluteStateOfCharge()

1 LEDs reflect RelativeStateOfCharge()

SEAL

The SEAL bit determines the SMBus access state of the bq2060A on reset

0 SMBus commands (0x00–0xff) are accessible for both read and write.

SMBus read access is limited to commands (0x05–0x1c) and (0x20–0x23). SMBus read/write access is

1limited to commands (0x00–0x04), (0x2f), and (0x3c–0x3f).

CSYNC

In usual operation of the bq2060A, the CSYNC bit is set so that the coulomb counter is adjusted when a fast

charge termination is detected. In some applications, especially those where an externally controlled charger is

used, it may be desirable NOT to adjust the coulomb counter. In these cases the CSYNC bit should be cleared.

0 The bq2060A does not alter RM at the time of a valid charge termination.

1 The bq2060A updates RM with a programmed percentage of FCC at a valid charge termination.

CEDV

The CEDV bit determines whether the bq2060A implements automatic EDV compensation to calculate the

EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2 thresholds base on rate, temperature, and capacity. If reset, the bq2060A uses the

fixed values programmed in EEPROM for EDV0, EDV1 and EDV2. If set, the bq2060A calculates EDV0, EDV1,

and EDV2.

0 EDV compensation disabled

1 EDV compensation enabled

VCOR

The VCOR bit enables the midrange voltage correction algorithm. When set, the bq2060A compares the pack

voltage to RM and may adjust RM according to the values programmed in VOC25, VOC50, and VOC75.

0 Midrange corrections disabled

1 Midrange corrections enabled

CHEM

The CHEM bit configures the bq2060A for nickel packs (NiCd or NiMH) or Li-ion packs. When set, the bq2060A

employs the configuration parameters in EEPROM designated for Li-ion. When not set, the bq2060A employs

the configuration parameters designated for nickel.

0 The bq2060A uses nickel configuration parameters.

1 The bq2060A uses Li-ion configuration parameters.

LCC0 and LCC1

The LCC0 and LCC1 bits configure the cell voltage inputs (VCELL1–4).

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

V - 4096

(lower) = 32

Cell Undervoltage/Overvoltage

V - 2048

(upper) = 64

Cell Undervoltage/Overvoltage

bq2060A

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SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

NO. OF SERIES CELLS LCC1, LCC0 CELL VOLTAGE INPUTS

NA 00 VCELL4= Cell Stack

VCELL1= Cell 1

2 01 VCELL2= Cell 2

VCELL1= Cell 1

3 10 VCELL2= Cell 2

VCELL3= Cell 3

VCELL1= Cell 1

VCELL2= Cell 2

4 11 VCELL3= Cell 3

VCELL4= Cell 4

For Li-ion packs with individual measurements, LCC0 and LCC1 define the number of series elements and their

voltage measurement inputs. In each case (2, 3, or 4), the bq2060A uses the highest numbered cell voltage input

to measure the pack voltage measurement as returned with Voltage(). For nickel chemistries or Li-ion without

single-cell measurements, LCC0 and LCC1 must be set to 00. VCELL4is the pack voltage input for this

programming.

Remaining Time and Capacity Alarms

Remaining Time Alarm in EE 0x02–0x03 and Remaining Capacity Alarm in 0x04–0x05 set the alarm thresholds

used in the SMBus command codes 0x01 and 0x02, respectively. Remaining Time Alarm is stored in minutes

and Remaining Capacity Alarm in mAh.

Secondary Protection Limits for Li-Ion

The cell undervoltage (VUV) and overvoltage (VOV) limits are programmed in Cell Undervoltage/Over Voltage EE

0x4a according to the equations:

(25)

(26)

CELL UNDER/OVERVOLTAGE VUV CELL UNDER/OVERVOLTAGE VOV

(upper nibble) (mV) (lower nibble) (mV)

0 2048 0 4096

1 2112 1 4128

2 2176 2 4160

3 2240 3 4192

4 2304 4 4224

5 2368 5 4256

6 2432 6 4288

7 2496 7 4320

8 2560 8 4352

9 2624 9 4384

a 2688 a 4416

b 2752 b 4448

c 2816 c 4480

d 2880 d 4512

e 2944 e 4544

f 3008 f 4576

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Safety Overtemperature EE 0x09 sets Safety Overtemperature Threshold (SOT) level for the CFC pin. It can be

programmed for a threshold of 69°C to 94.5°C. This range is increased by 16°C if Miscellaneous Options

bit 5 = 1.

Safety Overtemperature = (94.5 –SOT)*10

if Miscellaneous Options bit 5 = 0.

Safety Overtemperature = (110.5 –SOT)*10

if Miscellaneous Options bit 5 = 1.

Miscellaneous Options

Miscellaneous Options EE 0x08 contains bit-programmable options. Bits 0–4 should be programmed to zero.

b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0

NE1 SOT HIT 0 0 0 0 0

NE1

The NE1 bit disables the EDV1 threshold.

0 EDV1 enabled

1 EDV1 disabled

SOT

The SOT bit controls override of the CFC pin for Safety Overtemperature threshold.

0 CFC control with overvoltage, maximum temperature, and safety overtemperature.

1 CFC control; only with safety overtemperature.

HIT

The HIT bit controls the available temperature range for maximum temperature and Safety Overtemperature.

0 Maximum temperature set in normal 45°C–69°C range and Safety Overtemperature is 69°C–94.5°C.

1 Maximum temperature set in elevated 61°C–85°C range and Safety Overtemperature is 85°C–110.5°C.

Cycle Count Initialization

Cycle Count EE 0x0e–0x0f stores the initial value for the CycleCount() function. It should be programmed to

0x0000.

Control Modes

Control Mode EE0x51 contains additional bit programmable features.

b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0

NDF —HPE CPE LED SC —SM

NDF

The NDF bit disables the digital filter during discharge if the SMBC and SMBD lines are high.

0 Digital filter enabled all the time

1 Digital filter disabled if SMBC and SMBD are high

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

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HPE

The HPE bit enables/disables PEC transmissions to the Smart Battery host for master mode alarm messages.

0 No PEC byte on alarm warning to host

1 PEC byte on alarm warning to host

CPE

The CPE bit enables/disables PEC transmissions to the Smart Battery Charger for master mode alarm

messages.

0 No PEC byte on broadcasts to charger

1 PEC byte on broadcasts to charger

LED

The LED bit configures the bq2060A for 4- or 5-LED indication.

0 Selects the 5-LED indication mode

1 Selects the 4-LED indication mode

The SC bit enables learning cycle optimization for a Smart Charger or independent charge.

0 Learning cycle optimized for independent charger

1 Learning cycle optimized for Smart Charger

The SM bit enables/disables master mode broadcasts by the bq2060A.

0 Broadcasts to host and charger enabled

1 Broadcasts to host and charger disabled

If the SM bit is set, modifications to bits in BatteryMode() do not re-enable broadcasts.

MEASUREMENT CALIBRATION

ADC

To describe how the bq2060A calculates reported battery and individual cell voltages, the following abbreviations

and designations are used:

•VCELL1–4= voltages at the input pins of the bq2060A

•VCELL1–4 = reported cell voltages

•Vn1–4 = voltages at the different series nodes in the battery

•Voltage() = reported battery voltage

•Vsr = voltage across the sense resistor

The reported voltages measurements, Voltage() and VCELL1–4, may be calibrated by adjusting five 8- or 16-bit

registers in EEPROM: ADC Offset in EE0x62, ADC Voltage Gain in EE 0x66–0x67, Cell 2 Calibration Factor in

EE 0x63, Cell 3 Calibration Factor in EE 0x64, and Cell 4 Calibration Factor in EE 0x65.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

Vn1 +ƪVCELL 32768

1250 )ADC Offsetƫ ƪADC Voltage Gain

65536 ƫ

Vn2 +ƪVCELL 32768

1250 )ADC Offsetƫ

ƪADC Voltage Gain )8 Cell 2 CalibrationFactor

65536 ƫ

Vn3 +ƪVCELL 32768

1250 )ADC Offsetƫ

ƪADC Voltage Gain )8 Cell 3 CalibrationFactor

65536 ƫ ƪ2

65536ƫ

Vn4 +ƪVCELL 32768

1250 )ADC Offsetƫ

ƪADC Voltage Gain )8 Cell 4 CalibrationFactor

65536 ƫ ƪ2

65536ƫ

bq2060A

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The bq2060A first computes the node voltages Vn1, Vn2, Vn3, and Vn4. The node voltages are inputs to the

voltage dividers to the VCELL1through VCELL4input pins of the bq2060A. The bq2060A computes node

voltages to calculate the five reported voltages by the bq2060A: Voltage(), VCELL1, VCELL2, VCELL3, and

VCELL4.

An ADC Voltage Gain factor of 20,000 is the nominal value when using the recommended cell-voltage division

ratios of 16:1 on the VCELL4and VCELL3inputs and 8:1 on the VCELL2and VCELL1inputs. The bq2060A

subtracts the voltage across the sense resistor from the measurements so that the reported voltages reflect the

cell-stack voltages only.

The bq2060A compute the node voltages as follows:

(27)

(28)

(29)

(30)

Note: With LCC1 –LCC0 = 00, Cell 4 Calibration Factor = 0.

ADC Offset adjusts the ADC reading for voltage and current measurements. ADC Offset is a signed 8-bit value

that cancels offset present in the circuit with no potential or current flow. ADC Offset is typically set between –20

and 20.

The bq2060A uses the computed node voltages to calculate the reported voltages. It does not compute reported

cell voltages greater than the selected number of nodes. If no individual cell voltages are to be measured,

LCC1 –LCC0 should be set to 00 and the top of the battery stack should be connected to a voltage divider to

the VCELL4 input.

The bq2060A computes the reported voltages as follows:

•Voltage() = Vn4 (LCC1 –LCC0 = 11 or 00) –Vsr

•Voltage() = Vn3 (LCC1 –LCC0 = 10) –Vsr

•Voltage() = Vn2 (LCC1 –LCC0 = 01) –Vsr

•VCELL4 = Vn4–Vn3

•VCELL3 = Vn3–Vn2

•VCELL2 = Vn2–Vn1

•VCELL1 = Vn1–Vsr

Current

The bq2060A scales Current() to mA units by the 16-bit value ADC Sense Resistor Gain in EE 0x68–0x69.

Adjusting ADC Sense Resistor Gain from its nominal value provides a method to calibrate the current readings

for variances in the ADC gain, internal voltage reference, and sense resistor value. The bq2060A calculates

Current() by

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

[ ]

(ADC Reading + ADC Offset) x ADC Sense Resistor Gain

Current = 16384

19-0

0.6 V

OCV = VFC Offset

Temperature Offset +TOFF 10

bq2060A

www.ti.com

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

(31)

The nominal value for ADC Sense Resistor Gain is given by Equation 4.

VFC

To calibrate the coulomb counting measurement for VFC gain errors and sense resistor tolerance, the value of

VFC Sense Resistor Gain EE 0x6a–0x6b may be adjusted from its nominal value.

The nominal value of VFC Sense Resistor Gain is given by Equation 5.

The bq2060A VFC circuit can introduce a signal opposite in sign from that of the inherent device and circuit

offset to cancel this error. The offset calibration routine is initiated with commands to ManufacturerAccess().

The bq2060A calculates the offset with the calibration routine and stores the calibration value using the least 21

bits of VFC Offset in EE 0x5e–0x60.

The least 20 bits store the offset calibration value (OCV). The sign of the offset calibration value is positive if the

21st bit is 0.

(32)

Temperature

The bq2060A uses Temperature Offset in EE 0x61 to calibrate the Temperature() function for offset. The

(33)

where –12.8 ≤TOFF ≤12.7

CONSTANTS AND STRING DATA

EEPROM Constants

Check/Byte 1 EE 0x00–0x01 and Check Byte 2 EE 0x7e–0x7f must be programmed to 0x3c7f and 0xa55a,

respectively.

Specification Information

Specification Information EE 0x14–0x15 stores the default value for the SpecificationInfo() function. It is stored in

EEPROM in the same format as the data returned by the SpecificationInfo().

Manufacture Date

Manufacture Date EE 0x16–0x17 stores the default value for the ManufactureDate() function. It is stored in

EEPROM in the same format as the data returned by the ManufactureDate().

Serial Number

Serial Number EE 0x18–0x19 stores the default value for the SerialNumber() put Range function. It is stored in

EEPROM in the same format as the data returned by the SerialNumber().

Manufacturer Name Data

Manufacturer Name Length EE 0x20 stores the length of the desired string that is returned by the

ManufacturerName() function. Locations EE 0x21–0x2a store the characters for ManufacturerName() in ASCII

code.

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

bq2060A

SLUS500D –OCTOBER 2001–REVISED OCTOBER 2011

www.ti.com

Device Name Data

Device Name Length EE 0x30 stores the length of the desired string that is returned by the DeviceName()

function. Locations EE 0x31–0x37 store the characters for DeviceName() in ASCII code.

Device Chemistry Data

Device Chemistry Length EE 0x40 stores the length of the desired string that is returned by the

DeviceChemistry() function. Locations EE 0x41–0x44 store the characters for DeviceChemistry() in ASCII code.

Manufacturers Data Length

Manufacturers Data Length EE 0x50 stores the length of the desired number of bytes that is returned by the

ManufacturersData() function. It should be set to 7.

Spacer

REVISION HISTORY

Changes from Revision B (September 2005) to Revision C Page

•Changed unit for IREG from µs to µA ..................................................................................................................................... 4

•Deleted VOUT pin from application diagram, and added voltage connection to VCC pin ....................................................... 8

•Modified sentence in Discharge Count Register section .................................................................................................... 12

Changes from Revision C (June 2010) to Revision D Page

•Added CAUTION statement to the Pin Descriptions table ................................................................................................... 2

•Added CAUTION statement to the EEPROM section ........................................................................................................ 39

Product Folder Link(s): bq2060A

PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM

www.ti.com 16-Aug-2012

Addendum-Page 1

PACKAGING INFORMATION

Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package

Drawing Pins Package Qty Eco Plan (2) Lead/

Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) Samples

(Requires Login)

BQ2060A-E619DBQ ACTIVE SSOP DBQ 28 40 Green (RoHS

& no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR

BQ2060A-E619DBQG4 ACTIVE SSOP DBQ 28 40 Green (RoHS

& no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR

BQ2060A-E619DBQR ACTIVE SSOP DBQ 28 2500 Green (RoHS

& no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR

BQ2060A-E619DBQRG4 ACTIVE SSOP DBQ 28 2500 Green (RoHS

& no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR

(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:

ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.

LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.

NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.

PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.

OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.

(2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability

information and additional product content details.

TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.

Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that

lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.

Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between

the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.

Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight

in homogeneous material)

(3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.

Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information

provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and

continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.

TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.

In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.

TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION

*All dimensions are nominal

Device Package

Type Package

Drawing Pins SPQ Reel

Diameter

(mm)

Reel

Width

W1 (mm)

(mm) B0

(mm) K0

(mm) P1

(mm) W

(mm) Pin1

Quadrant

BQ2060A-E619DBQR SSOP DBQ 28 2500 330.0 16.4 6.5 10.3 2.1 8.0 16.0 Q1

PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION

www.ti.com 16-Aug-2012

Pack Materials-Page 1

*All dimensions are nominal

Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)

BQ2060A-E619DBQR SSOP DBQ 28 2500 367.0 367.0 38.0

PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION

www.ti.com 16-Aug-2012

Pack Materials-Page 2

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